THE FEDERAL-STATE-LOCAL PARTNERSHIP 63 



by the way, the big gap here, the thing we are missing is a Depart- 

 ment of Urban Affairs and the representation of the people in our 

 urban communities. 



If you had a Department of Urban Affairs and a group of cabinet 

 officers I am not trying to cover all of them made into a National 

 Advisory Council chaired by the Vice President, responsible to the 

 President, you would not separate the day-to-day functions. You 

 cannot separate day-to-day law enforcement and lawmaking func- 

 tions and create beauty any more than a city council can turn over 

 to an advisory group recommendations for a plan for your city and 

 separate that from the day-to-day function of zoning. It is a day-to- 

 day function and should be kept in that area. 



Mrs. PAUL G. GALLAGHER. Last year Mr. Penfold's committee 

 sent out information about a directive given by the Bureau of Public 

 Roads that any design that goes through parks should be cleared 

 with the responsible persons. As you have heard many times this 

 has been a major difficulty. 



I would like to know if Senator Muskie, who seems to be aware 

 of the ramifications, has heard of any time when the parks won over 

 the engineers? 



Senator MUSKIE. I think one of the toughest concepts to put over 

 to a highway engineer is to convince him that a road is something 

 more than a straight line between two points. 



I will say this, that there has been, I think, small, perhaps too 

 small, victories over the straight liners. But in my State, for ex- 

 ample, we have finally, over the last ten years made the highway 

 department itself conscious of the need for beauty in highway de- 

 sign for incorporating picnic areas, for examples. I think that is 

 what is needed to be done here. I think Mayor Hummers point 

 is very good, to get his new dimension incorporated into the operat- 

 ing policies of these agencies. 



I think Mr. Smith made this point that these national councils, 

 these national policy proposers or makers, can set the broad guide- 

 lines and the great goals. But these goals have got to be converted 

 into actual policy for operating agencies. I think this is what we 

 must do with our highway departments. We must make them see 

 and understand that they must be implementers of beauty themselves 

 because to try an alternative way of dealing with it would be to force 

 every Commission's policy to be reviewed by some over-all appellate 



