WHAT PSYCHOLOGY CONTRIBUTED 377 



a lesson, for it suggests that education alone will not place 

 the negro race on a par with its Caucasian competitors. 



Number 



of Intelligence Grades 



Cases A B C+ C C D D 



White 



officers 15,385 55.9 % 28.5 % 12.5 % 3.3 % 0.4% o % o % 

 White 



draft. .94,002 4.1% 8.0% 15.2% 25.0% 23.8% 17.0% 7.1% 

 Negro 

 draft .. 18,691 0.1% 0.6% 2.0% 5.7% 12.9% 29.7% 49.0% 



Officers of different arms of the military service are surpris- 

 ingly unlike in nature and degree of intelligence. Compari- 

 son of the data for engineers with those for medical officers 

 indicates at once differences of two sorts: the engineers make 

 higher scores in each test but almost without exception the 

 higher their score in a particular test the lower the score for 

 the medical officers. The chaplains differ markedly from both 

 the engineers and the medical men, especially in the departure 

 of their scores from the standard (50 percentile). These great 

 differences for important professional groups of officers may 

 be due either to heredity or to education and experience. In 

 the former case they will probably prove to have important 

 vocational significance ; in the latter, similarly important educa- 

 tional significance. 



Of the many other interesting discoveries concerning the 

 relations of intelligence to race, to length of residence in the 

 United States, to education, to fitness for military service, to 

 age, and to military rank, nothing can be said here because this 

 is a chapter and not a book. But, in view of its quite excep- 

 tional practical importance, the relation of intelligence to army 

 occupations may be described very briefly. 



In the course of psychological examining it became apparent 

 that the intelligence of men of different occupations varied not 

 only with the individual but also in quite as definite a way with 

 his occupation. The intelligence ratings of groups representing 



