QUESTIONS 209 



What are the two parts of the work of Darwin's life ? How old 

 was he when he began his shell collection ? Describe his experience 

 in collecting beetles in Cambridge. How old was he when he went 

 to South America ? What was his position on the Beagle ? Describe 

 the Beagle (see footnote). How long was Darwin away from 

 England ? What fossil discoveries did he make in South America ? 

 What difference was there between the size of the fossil bones and 

 the size of the living creatures which Darwin found in South 

 America? What is the general contrast in size between animals 

 now living in South America and those in Africa ? How do we know 

 that South American animals were once as large as those now alive 

 in Africa? What does history tell us about the horse in America 

 when Columbus arrived? How do we know that horses were 

 among the oldest inhabitants of America ? What is proved by fossil 

 remains found in Europe, Asia, and America ? What theory explains 

 the fact that animals of the same kind were living during the same 

 era in all three continents ; that is, how did they travel from con- 

 tinent to continent ? In his study of animals and fossils, for what 

 was Darwin constantly searching? Why did he gather facts so 

 persistently ? 



CHAPTER VIII 



Give the location of the Galapagos Islands. Describe the tortoise 

 which Darwin found there. Describe the lizards. Of what kinds 

 of animals did he find new species ? Define species (see footnote). 

 Where had Darwin seen other creatures of which these reminded 

 him ? What question did Darwin ask himself about these new spe- 

 cies ? When did the Beagle return to England ? W T hat collections 

 did Darwin now have in hand ? By the use of his collections what 

 laws did he wish to find ? What were some of the questions which he 

 asked himself about both the earlier and the later kinds of animals ? 

 In order to get more facts, what birds did he study, comparing them 

 with each other ? Describe some of the different kinds of pigeons. 

 After studying each kind, what conclusion did Darwin come to ? 

 What is the common opinion of naturalists about pigeon ancestors ? 

 What did every intelligent bird breeder assure him ? How long did 

 one breeder say it would take to produce any given feather ? How 



