ORDER PASSERES. 251 



a. Plectrophenax nivalis nivalis (LINNAEUS). Snow Bunting. [534.] 



Emberiza nivalis LINNAEUS, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, I, 1758, 176. (Lapland.) 



RANGE. Northern Hemisphere. In North America breeds in Arctic 

 Zone from at least 83 north (including Greenland) to northern parts of main- 

 land from Alaska to Ungava; winters from Unalaska, southern Alberta, south- 

 ern Keewatin, and southern Ungava south to northern United States and 

 irregularly to northern California, Colorado, Kansas, southern Indiana, south- 

 ern Ohio, and Florida ; casual in Bermuda. 



b. Plectrophenax nivalis townsendi RIDGWAY. Pribilof Snow Bunting. [534a.J 



Plectrophenax nivalis townsendi RIDGWAY, Manual N. A. Birds, 1887, 

 403. (Otter Island, Bering Sea.) 



RANGE. Siberian coast of Bering Sea and Commander, Pribilof, Aleutian, 

 and Shumagin Islands. 



Pie ctrophenax hype rboreus RIDGWAY. McKay's Snow Bunting. [535.] 



Plectrophenax hyperboreus RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., VII, 1884, 

 68. (St. Michael, Alaska.) 



RANGE. Breeds on Hall and St. Matthew islands, Bering Sea; 

 migrates in winter to the mainland of western Alaska (St. Michael, 

 Kuskokwim River, and Nushagak). 



GENUS CALCARIUS BECHSTEIN. 



Calcarius BECHSTEIN, Orn. Taschenb. Deutschl., I, 1802, 130. Type,. by 

 monotypy, Fringilla lapponica LINNAEUS. 



Calcarius lapponicus ( 



RANGE. Greater part of Northern Hemisphere, breeding in Arctic 

 regions. 



a. Calcarius lapponicus lapponicus (LINNAEUS). Lapland Longspur. [536.] 



Fringilla lapponica LINN^US, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, 180. (Lapland.) 



RANGE. Northern Hemisphere. In North America breeds from about 

 latitude 73 on Arctic islands and west Greenland, and from latitude 75 in 

 east Greenland south to limit of trees in Mackenzie (at least as far west as 

 longitude 120), central Keewatin, and northern Ungava; winters from south- 

 ern Quebec and northern central United States irregularly south to the 

 Middle States and Texas, rarely to Kentucky and South Carolina. 



