II] Colours of Plants 41 



junction with me. Some of the more striking facts are referred to in 

 later chapters. White flowers with green stem constitute an albino, 

 recessive to all colours. The magenta shades have a factor epistatic 

 to crimson and pink. Blue is hypostatic to all the red shades. Tlic 

 whites which have red or reddish ste?ns are do?ninant whites, showing only a 

 pale shade or tinge of colour in F^. Deep colours cannot appear on 

 stems that are not red except in the white-edged "Sirdar" {q.7K). 



Salvia Horminum. Purple, red, white, related as in Fisuni^ &c. 

 Saunders, R.E.C. (20). 



Triticum (Wheat). Red chaff is dominant to white chaff. Grey chaff 

 is epistatic to red and dominant to white. Tschermak (270) ; Biffen (27); 

 Spillman (247). 



Verbascum blattaria. Yellow (a sap-colour) dominant to white. Shull 

 (241). 



Viola. White is recessive to colour (de Vries, 290) in V. conmta. 

 The brown seed-colour of V. papilionacea is dominant to buff of V. 

 hirsutula, and the purple of the capsule of hirsiitula to the absence of 

 purple vci papilio7iacea (Brainerd, 41). 



Zea (Maize). Yellow endosperm dominant to white. Blue in aleurone 

 layer an irregular dominant to absence of blue. (Definite exceptions are 

 frequent.) Red pericarp, a plant-character, dominant to absence of red. 

 The relations of the striped types have not been clearly determined. 

 Correns {(i'^\ Lock (172, 174). 



Colours of Animals. 

 Man. 



Eye-colour (^.z'.), Hurst (161), Davenport (107). 



Albinism {q.v.) is doubtless recessive, but in man its descent is complex 

 and has not yet been elucidated. 



Red hair is recessive to dark hair and perhaps to ordinary brown (see 

 Hurst, 162). 



Cattle. 



Red -roan is a heterozygote of red and white (Wilson, 311); and blue- 

 roan is similarly related to black and white, Spillman (249) suggests that 

 black is dominant to red. 



Cats. 



Red is dominant to black in males. Tortoiseshell is the corresponding 

 form of the heterozygote in females. Doncaster (109). Dilution-types, 

 blue, and cream, recessive to saturated colours. 



As to eye-colour see Przibram (224). 



Mice, Rats, Rabbits, Guinea-pigs. 



Colours fully discussed in later chapters. Chief papers by Allen (i) ; 

 Bateson (10); Castle (48, 53); Crampe (83, «); Cuenot (84-9); Darbishire 

 (90); Durham (it6); Hurst (157); Mud.ce (204). Albino recessive in all 

 cases. A piebald type dominant to self-colour exists in mice (Durham, 

 116) and in rabbits, the so-called "Enghsh" variety (Hurst). 



