52 MODERN BLACKSMITHING 



renders the fire useless to weld with. Now, while it is 

 a fact that brass is not conducive to welding it takes a 

 good deal of it before the fire is made useless. One 

 smith will not dare to heat a galvanized pipe in his 

 fire, for fear it will spoil it, while another smith will 

 weld a piece of iron or steel to such a pipe without 

 difficulty. Don't swear and curse if the fire is not 

 what you expect it to be, but simply make it right. 

 Some smiths have the habit of continually poking in 

 the fire, if they weld a piece of iron they never give it 

 rest enough to get hot, but turn it over from one side 

 to another and try to fish up all the cinders and dust 

 to be found in the fire. This is a bad habit. Yellow 

 colored fire is a sign of sulphur in the fire and makes a 

 poor fire for welding. Dead coal makes a poor fire. 



TUYER IRON 



One of the chief reasons for a poor fire is a poor 

 blast. No patent tuyer will give blast enough unless 

 you run it by steam and have a fan blower. Ninety 

 per cent of the blast is lost in transmission through 

 patent tuyers. The only way to get a good blast is to 

 have a direct tuyer, and one with a water space in. 



To make a direct tuyer take a pipe i^^^ x 12 inches 

 long, weld around one end of this pipe an iron 3^ to 

 make it thick on the end that is in the fire, flare out 

 the other end for the wind pipe to go in and place it 

 borzontal in the fire and fill up around it with fireproof 

 clay. This gives the best fire. The only objection to 



