182 MODERN FARRIEK. 



the string in his right hand, and the chamhriere in 

 his left, and so vice versa ; these he must make use 

 of, and keep himself more or less upon the flank 

 centre or rear of the horse, as he finds it necessary. 

 In the changes from right to left in the epaule en 

 dedans, the person nearest the horse must be quick 

 in getting on the horse's left side, and the person 

 with the chamhriere must do the same ; the former 

 coming round with the horse's head before him, and 

 the latter lound by his croupe behind him, and so 

 vice versa to the left. In the head and in the 

 croupe to the wall, both the men are already pro- 

 perly placed for the changes. 



In this lesson of the epaide en dedans, in hand, 

 when a horse is very clumsy, heavy in hand, and 

 stiff, headstrong, vicious, or apt to strike with his 

 fore-feet, or to rear or kick out behind, a stick or 

 pole is very useful. The stick, about seven feet 

 long, is fastened by a strap or buckle through the 

 eye of the snaffle, where the reins pass ; a man 

 places himself at a certain distance on the right side 

 of the horse's head, going before him over the 

 ground to be worked upon, and holds the stick at 

 arm's length, having tied it so as to leave room to 

 play, as he draws it gently backwards and forwards 

 to refresh the horse's mouth. The other man holds 

 a long rein and the chamhriere. Like the pillars, 

 this lesson is good or bad according to the hands it 

 is in. Instances have occurred of a horse's jaw being 

 broken, and his tongue cut in two by it ; and there- 

 fore it should be used in the most skilful and tem- 

 perate manner, or not at all. It is useful in raising 

 horse's heads, particularly those that are apt to get 

 their heads down, or to kick in fiaffing on forwards. 

 Almost any lessons may be accomplished by the 

 help of this pole. 



To work in hand, the head and the croupe to the 

 wall, two strings, fixed as above described, (only 

 that they must not come at all' through the large 



