170 TIMALIIDjK. 



indistinguishable from those of the last ; 100 measure on an 

 average 26-1 x 18-5 mm. 



Habits. A comparatively common bird between 3,000 and 

 6,000 feet, nearly alsvays found in cool, moist tree-forest in which 

 there is a fair amount of undergrowth. Voice, food, flight, etc. 

 as T. p. phceniceum. 



(158) Trochalopterum phoeniceum ripponi. 

 THE BURMESE CRIMSON-WINGED LAUGHING-THRUSH. 



Trochalopterum ripponi Gates, Bull. B. O. C., xi, p. 10 (1900) 

 (Kengtung State). 



Vernacular names. Krang-sliong-maling (Kachin). 



Description. Similar to the preceding, but has the crimson of 

 the head extending on to the sides of the neck, throat and super- 

 cilium. The lower plumage is grevish yellow instead of fulvous- 

 or olive-brown and the tail is narrowly tipped with ochre instead 

 of broadly with orange. 



Colours of soft parts and Measurements as in T.p.phceniceum* 



Distribution. Kachin Hills, N. Shan States. 



Nidification. The few eggs I have seen of this race seem to be 

 rather darker than those of the other races. Twenty-one average 

 about 25-8x18-6 mm. 



Habits as in the other races, but according to Harington 

 they frequent bamboo-jungle as well as forest, placing their nest 

 sometimes in clumps of bamboo. They keep generally above 

 5,000 feet and are found at least up to 7,000 feet. 



(159) Trochalopterum milnei sharpei. 

 THE BURMESE BED-TAILED LAUGHING-THRUSH. 



Trochalopterum sharpei Rippon, Bull. B. O. C., xii, p. 13 (1901) 

 (Kengtung State). 



Vernacular names. Krang-sheng-lt.abr (Kachiu). 



Description. Crown and upper parts of head and neck buffy- 

 rufous; e;ir-coverts pale grey ; throat and lores black; back and 

 wing-coverts olive, each feather of the back with dark edge ; 

 rump and upper tail-coverts golden olive ; below ashy-olive, more 

 green towards the neck ; tail above bright red, below blackish : 

 wing-quills above brilliant and glossy red, the inner webs of the 

 innermost secondaries pure white. 



Colours of soft parts. " Bill arid feet black ; iris brown " 

 (David $ Oust.). 



Measurements. Length about 280 mm.; wing about 106 mm. ; 

 tail about 120 mm. ; tarsus about 38 mm.; culmen about 30 mm. 



Distribution. Kachin Hills and N. Shan States. 



