TUUDOIDES. 195 



with narrow pale edges ; lores white; sides of the head and neck, 

 back, wing-coverts and inner secondaries paler brown tinged with 

 rufous, the feathers of the back with white shafts ; rump and 

 upper tail-coverts ferruginous ; tail reddish brown, both tail and 

 inner secondaries cross-rayed with blackish ; primaries and outer 

 secondaries black; chin and throat dark brown, each feather with 

 a broad ashy margin ; breast brown with broad white shaft- 

 streaks ; abdomen, vent and under tail-coverts deep ferruginous ; 

 tail tipped paler below. 



Colours of soft parts. Iris creamy or yellowish white; orbital 

 skin pale yellow ; bill, legs and feet pale yellow or fleshy-yellow. 



Measurements. Length about 250 to 260 mm. ; wing 97 to 

 105 mm.; tail about 100 mm.; tarsus about 32 mm.; culmen 

 about 20 to 21 mm. 



This species is easily distinguished from all others by its rufous 

 rump and tail and deep ferruginous lower parts. 



Distribution. Travancore to Bombay along the West Coast. 



Nidification. This Babbler breeds throughout its range in 

 practically every month of the year. The nest is made of grass, 

 occasionally mixed with grass-roots, fine twigs, etc., and lined 

 with fine roots or grass-stems. It is placed in a bush or small 

 tree, very often in date-palms. The eggs which number two or 

 three, very rarely four, are of the usual glossy deep blue and 

 thirty-six average about 24-2 x 19-5 mm. 



Habits. Those of the genus. 



(189) Turdoides rufescens. 

 THE CEYLONESE BABBLER. 



Malacocercus rufescens Ely ih, J. A. S. JB.,xvi,p. 453 (1847) (Ceylon). 

 Craterojnis rufescens. Blanf. & Gates, i, p. 114. 



Vernacular names. None recorded. 



Descriplion. AVhole upper plumage and exposed parts of wings 

 Tufous-brown ; lower plumage ferruginous, browner on flanks, 

 vent and under tail-coverts ; tail faintly cross-rayed. 



Measurements. Length about 250 to 260 mm. ; wing about 

 96 to 104 mm. ; tail about 115 to 120 mm. ; tarsus about 32 mm. ; 

 culmen about 19 to 20 mm. 



Colours of soft parts. Iris white, yellowish white or greenish 

 white ; bill orange-yellow, deepest on the basal half ; legs and feet 

 dull chrome-yellow, claws yellowish-horn; orbital skin and 

 eyelid pale greenish yellow (Lecjye). 



Distribution. Ceylon, throughout the damper portions. 



Nidification. According to Legge this Babbler breeds in March, 

 April and May, making a nest similar to that of striatus but very 

 -carefully concealed. Two eggs taken by Mr. MacVicar at 



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