PYCXONOTUS. 415 



small parties of four or five and is said to be very sociable with 

 other birds. Legge describes its note as " whee-whee, whee- 

 whee." 



(430) Pycnonotus xantholaemus, 



THE YELLOW-THEOATED BULBUL. 



Srachypua xantholamus Gould, P. Z. S. f 1835, p. 186 (Belgaum). 

 Pycnonotus xuntholamus. Blanf. & Gates, i, p. 289. 



Vernacular names. Kondapoda-pigtt (Tel.). 



Description. Forehead, crown and sides of the head yellowish 

 green, the feathers near the nostrils dusky ; chin and throat 

 bright yellow ; upper plumage grey, the upper tail-coverts tinged 

 with green ; wings and tail brown, the outer webs washed with 

 yellowish green and the tail-feathers tipped with yellowish 

 white ; breast and sides of neck and body grey, turning to whitish 

 on the abdomen ; under tail-coverts and edge of wing bright 

 yellow ; thighs dull yellow ; under wing-coverts pale yellow. 



Colours of soft parts. Iris bright red ; bill and legs black. 



Measurements. Length about 185 to 190 mm. ; wing about 81 

 to 88 mm.; tail about 88 mm.; tarsus about 20 rnm. ; c ill men 

 about 14 to 15 mm. 



Distribution. Travancore, Mysore and Eastern Ghats. 



Nidification. Mr. P. Eoscoe Allen (Journal B. JX". H. S., xviii, 

 p. 905) obtained several nests of this rare Bulbul on a peak called 

 llorscly Konda, south of the Cuddapah District in Madras, 

 xvhere he found it not uncommon. The nests are described as 

 typical Bulbuls' nests and the eggs as of the ordinary type of 

 Bulbuls' eggs, " white marked with purple and brick-red" and 

 measuring 21-1 x 17'0 mm. Of the nests one was placed actually 

 on the ground between two boulders and a second on a dwarf 

 date-palm. Another nest, taken by Mr. C. L. Wilson at Bellary, 

 is described as unusually bulky and heavy for a Bulbul's nest. 

 The breeding season appears to be May, June and July. 



Habits. The Yellow-throated Bulbul is found from the foot- 

 hills up to nearly 5,000 feet but very little is known of its habits. 

 It apparently visits the higher ranges at about 4,000 feet for 

 breeding purposes and is said to be a shy, active bird, very rest- 

 less and, when disturbed, flying a considerable distance before 

 again settling. 



(431) Pycnonotus gularis. 

 THE RUBY-THROATED BULBUL. 



Brachypus gularis Gould, P. Z. S., 1835, p. 186 (Belgaum). 

 Pycnonotns gularis. Blanf. & Gates, i, p. 289. 



Vernacular names. None recorded. 



