PYCNOXOTUS. 421 



much paler and with ear-coverts wholly silvery-white. It is 

 much less green both on upper plumage and on wings and tail 

 than plumosus. 



Colours of soft parts. Iris varies from yellowish brown to red ; 

 eyelids plumbeous ; bill brown, paler at base of lower mandible and 

 gape; mouth flesh-colour; legs plumbeous, claws horn-colour. 



Measurements as in the other races. Wing 85 to 89 mm. ; 

 culmen about 15 mm. 



Distribution. Practically the whole of Burma, North of Ban- 

 goon, the Kachin Hills, North and Central Siam, Shan States 

 and Annam. 



Nidification. Similar in every way to that of the last bird. 

 Eggs and nests are indistinguishable and the clutches are the same 

 in number, i.e. two or three. As a series they are even more 

 poorly marked than those of liobinson's Olive Bulbul. Forty eggs 

 average 20'6 x 15-7 mm. 



The breeding season must be very extended, as eggs have been 

 sent me taken from early March to late August and, probably, 

 like most of the common Bulbuls, they breed more or less through- 

 out the year. 



Habits. Those of the last bird. They are said to have a very 

 harsh note when disturbed and like all Bulbuls under these cir- 

 cumstances, erect their crests as they make the call. 



0*37) Pycnonotus simplex simplex. 



MOOBE'S OLIVE BULBUL. 



Pycnonotus simplex Less., Rev. Zool., 1839, p. 167 (Sumatra) ; 

 Bianf. & Gates, i, p. 292. 



Vernacular names. None recorded. 



Description. Upper plumage brown with a greenish tinge, 

 slightly fulvous on the rump and upper tail-coverts; wings and 

 tail brown, the outer webs washed with greenish ; whole lower 

 plumage buffy-brown, slightly streaked in places \\ith darker 

 ochraceous ; under tail-coverts dark ochraceous with paler edges ; 

 under wing-coverts arid edge of wing pale ochraceous. 



Colours of soft parts. Iris orange-red, pale red, whity-pink ; 

 upper mandible dark horny-brown, lower mandible paler ; legs and 

 feet fleshy- or reddish-brown. 



Measurements. About the same as plumosus. Wing 80 to 

 88 mm. ; culmen about 15 mm. 



Distribution. Tenasserim, from Mergui, South through the 

 Malay Peninsula to Sumatra. The Javan form has been separated 

 by Hartert (Nov. Zool. ix, 1902, p. 5B1) as P. prillwitzl and the 

 Bornean form also seems different from the Malay bird. 



Nidification. Nests and eggs taken by Mr. Kellovv at Simpaug 

 in the Malay States were, like those described by Davison, taken 

 in thick jungle in high bushes. They are rather more richly 



