116 Selection Does Not Lead to Origin of Species. 



parative study of the isolated races is made by both 

 botanical and economically valuable characters. Hun- 

 dreds of different types can be isolated from the harvest 

 of a field in this way if one is only thoroughly acquainted 

 with the correlative value of these apparently unimpor- 

 tant characters. For instance the propensity towards lay- 

 ering may be estimated by the density of the ears ; short- 

 ness of internodes being closely correlated with stiffness 

 of halms. The value of barley for the purposes of the 

 brewers is indicated by the kind of hair on the scales, 

 crisp hairs denoting the best qualities of the grain. On 

 the basis of this correlation a new brewers' barley has 

 been isolated at Svalof, not from the ordinary Chevalier- 

 barley, which is much subject to layering in Sweden, but 

 from the Imperial barley, which is not a brewers' barley 

 at all but has very stiff halms. This new type answers 

 the demand of practice especially in Middle Sweden, 

 where it is now almost exclusively cultivated for this 

 purpose. It is called Svalof Primus Barley. 



Correlation, as understood at Svalof, does not mean 

 that two characters are inseparable, but only that they 

 are found to accompany each other in the majority of the 

 cases, i. e., in 90 out of 100 instances. Mother-plants 

 selected in this way, have therefore to be subjected to a 

 subsequent selection by means of their progeny. 



The new races, which have been isolated and put on 

 the market from Svalof in this way include 7 types of 

 winter wheat, 1 of summerwheat, 8 of barley, 5 of wdiite 

 oats, 2 of black oats, 4 peas and 3 vetches. The first of 

 them was brought out in the year 1897. Numerous new 

 types have since been isolated but are as yet, still in prep- 

 aration. 



Bv means of these facts the common ae^ricultural 



