182 



The Origin of Species by Mutation. 



examples of plants with such subspecies. The chief types 

 of Chrysantheuimn indicum were imported as such from 

 Japan into Europe ; the newer sorts have almost all been 

 obtained by crossing them. A great variety of other 

 examples can be easily collected. 



Fig. 34. Scduui crispiim after ]Munting, 1671. 



Many so-called \'arieties and even many monstrosi- 

 ties have been known since the time when the species to 



'^Abraham Munting, Waarc Oeffeninge der Planten, 1671, p. 

 237. Hunting's Sedum crispuiii evidently is the same as Sediim 

 cristatum Schrad. {Sedum reiiexum cristatum) ; the monstrosity 

 must therefore be more than two centuries old. Since Hunting's 

 time fasciation in this species has repeatedly been observed and 

 recorded. Cf. Penzig, Teratologie, I, p. 467. The character is 

 strongly inherited. I raised from seed a square-meter bed full of 

 plants with more or less flattened branches, some of which I have 

 photographed and reproduced in Fig. 35. Normal cylindrical or 

 atavistic branches are shown both in the above figure from Hunting 

 and in that from my own culture (Fig. 35 at). 



