Examples of Constant Races. 85 



few years have elapsed. In the course of the first sum- 

 mer 3975 seeds germinated, during the second 1082, 

 during the third 88, and during the fourth 90. All the 

 5235 seedlings thus raised were green without a trace of 

 the red pigment, and belonged therefore to the T. crys- 

 talUna. In this case, therefore, the seeds which germinate 

 late are just as constant as those which germinate early. -^ 

 In other cases where the constancy is just as complete 

 but happens to be less well known, the sorts in question 

 are "only" reo:arded as varieties. Some of these forms 

 even seem to be wholly unknown in botanical circles,- as 

 for instance, Silcnc Aniieria rosea whose color is inter- 

 mediate between that of the species and that of the white 

 variety and which is not a hybrid but an old established 

 perfectly constant sort and just as ''good" as the other 

 two. In 1898 I had about 4000 plants raised from the 

 seed of isolated plants of 1897 of the Var. flore rosea in 

 flower; they were all of the same color as the parent 

 plants. The same result was obtained on a smaller scale 

 in subsequent years. Clarkia pulchella cornea behaved 

 in the same way (50 specimens). I also found the pale 

 flowered Agrosteniina Githago nicaeensis constant (for 

 10 years), and Hyoscyaniiis (nigcr) pallidiis (40 spec.) 

 'dud Agrosteninia coronaria b (color (349 spec). Further 

 examples of the same phenomenon are afforded by the 

 yellow Chrysanthemwn coronarium, the varieties of the 

 flax with white and with yellow seeds, many varieties 

 without the dark patches at the base of the petals, which 

 are characteristic of the species, as in Papaz'cr sonini- 

 feruni Danehrog, Papaver comniutatnni, Madia elegans 

 (Fig. 10) and others. 



^ This is not the case with TrifoUum incarnatum quadrifolium 

 (See § 22). 



' See Bot. Zeititng, 1900, p. 234. 



