I. TRICOTYLOUS RACES. 



§ I. THE OCCURRENCE OF TRICOT YLS AS HALF RACES 

 AND INTERMEDIATE RACES. 



In the chapter on latent and semi-latent characters in 

 the first part of this volume, I have discussed the differ- 

 ence between half races and intermediate races. It is 

 not in the possession of certain elementary characters 

 that they differ one from another ; in this respect they 

 are identical. They possess exactly the same characters 

 and in the same numbers. That feature, however, which 

 constitutes the point of difference, is semi-latent in the 

 half race, that is to say manifests itself only rarely and 

 in occasional individuals, one in every thousand for in- 

 stance. In the intermediate race, on the other hand, it 

 is active and equivalent to the character to which in the 

 half race it is, as it were, subordinate. Considered with 

 regard to the features which distinguish them, both races, 

 therefore, possess two elementary characters, which, how- 

 ever, cannot be expressed simultaneously in the same 

 organ but are mutually exclusive. 



In an ideal intermediate race, these two antagonistic 

 characters would be of exactly equal value; that is to 

 say, half of the individuals would exhibit the one. and 

 the other half the other character. \\'hether such ideal 

 races actually exist in nature is an open (|uestinn, since 

 as a rule one of the two characters is more or less easilv 



