540 



Heritable Spiral Torsions. 



from seeds gathered from twisted stems was very small, 

 and in Rubia tinctorum, of which I have had several 

 beautiful instances of spiral torsions from the fields in 

 Holland, they are never by any means common, although 



Fig. 128. Agrostemma Githago. The calyx is open at one 

 side and fused with the uppermost pair of leaves and 

 transformed into a spiral. Culture of 1896. 



they occur nearly every year.^ In Agrostemma Githago 

 I have often observed torsions in a race which I have 

 cultivated during ten generations since 1888, but always 



"^ Eenige gevaUcn van Klemdraai by de Meehrap (Riibia tinc- 

 torum). Botan. Jaarb. Gent, 1891, p. 74 and Plate IV. 



