47° Appendix VIII [1905-1906 



1905 the Sultan of Morocco. Anger in France. Delcasse forced to resign. 



The Conference meets at Algeciras (England, France, Germany, 

 and Spain represented), to settle the Moroccan quarrel. 



The Act of Algeciras, signed by all four Powers, proclaims the in- 

 tegrity and independence of Morocco, assigning spheres of commer- 

 cial influence to each Power. The help of Austria is acknowledged 

 by Kaiser Wilhelm in a telegram promising to help in return. It 

 leads later to the combination against Germany and Austria. 



Fall of Port Arthur. Peace of Portsmouth, U.S.A., between Russia 

 and Japan. 



Attempted revolution in Russia. 



Financial help given to the Czar in England, which enables him 

 to suppress the revolution. 



Balfour resigns. Pie is succeeded by Campbell Bannerman. Grey 

 at the Foreign Office. 



1906 General Election in England with large Radical majority. Camp- 

 bell Bannerman confirmed as Prime Minister, with Grey at the For- 

 eign Office. Morley at the India Office. 



Cromer's quarrel with the Sultan about Akabah. He is supported 

 by Grey, who mobilizes the Mediterranean Fleet, and delivers an ul- 

 timatum to Turkey. 



Cromer invites the Khedive to join him in pressing his claim about 

 Akabah against the Sultan, but the Khedive refuses, the claim being 

 ill-founded. 



Cromer upon this, and finding native Egypt on the Sultan's side and 

 the Egyptian army not to be relied on, calls for additional English 

 troops, which are sent him. 



Grey mobilizes the Mediterranean Fleet, and delivers an ultimatum 

 which the Sultan, on failing of support from the Kaiser, yields to. 



Much excitement in Egypt. 



An English regiment promenading in the Delta, a conflict occurs 

 with villagers (the affair of Denshawai). 



Cromer orders severe punishment to be inflicted on the villagers 

 and leaves Egypt for London. 



The villagers, tried before a packed tribunal, are sentenced, four 

 to death, four to penal servitude for life, others to fifty lashes. 



The sentences are executed under circumstances of extreme bar- 

 barity. 



Cromer receives the Order of Merit. 



The whole world shocked at the occurrence. 



Mustapha Kamel takes the lead of the National Party in Egypt 

 demanding Cromer's recall. 



Cromer returns to Egypt in the autumn. 



He expresses an intention of administrative reforms, and appoints 

 Saad Zaghloul, a leading Nationalist, Minister of Public Instruction. 



Meeting of the first Duma in Russia. 



The Shah of Persia, Muzaffar ud Din, grants a Constitution. The 

 Mejliss meets at Teheran. 



