476 Appendix VIII [ l 9 l 3 



191 3 to evacuate the place and Enver Pasha carrying their refusal to the 

 Porte, Nazim Pasha is shot by Enver's aide-de-camp. Enver then 

 proceeds to the palace and forces the Sultan to dismiss Kiamil as a 

 traitor and to name Shevket Vizier in his place. 



War is then renewed with Bulgaria. 



Much popular resentment in France against the increased con- 

 scription and talk of war with Germany rather than submit to it. 



The Bulgarians threaten Gallipoli. 



King George of Greece is assassinated. 



Adrianople surrenders to Bulgaria in March. 



Germany intervenes to bring about peace between Bulgaria and 

 Turkey. 



A quarrel breaks out in May between the Bulgarians, Greeks, and 

 Servians over a division of the Ottoman spoils in Europe. 



The Bulgarians, beaten by the Servians, come to terms with Tur- 

 key. 



Adrianople is restored to Turkey, and peace is made. 



Grey disturbed at the failure of his joint policy with Russia at 

 Constantinople and the growing influence of the Central Powers, re- 

 calls Lowther from Constantinople and attempts a policy of concilia- 

 tion with the Turkish Government. 



He attempts to arrange the question of the Bagdad railway with 

 Germany, but fails through the unwillingness of his ally Russia, jeal- 

 ous of German expansion in the direction of Persia. 



His obstinacy, too, about Egypt prevents a real accommodation 

 with Turkey. 



Kiamil, encouraged by Russia, attempts to regain power at Con- 

 stantinople. 



Shevket Pasha, the Vizier, is assassinated. 



The death of Shevket a severe blow to the Young Turks, he being 

 their ablest commander, a man of high character and an enlightened 

 Moslem, is attributed to the Anglo-Russian intrigue with Kiamil and 

 is a final blow to English influence at Constantinople. From that 

 point his successors, seeing nothing to hope from the conjunction of 

 England, France, and Russia, decide to throw in their lot with Ger- 

 many as the least of the two perils threatening Islam and the Otto- 

 man Empire. 



