254 BIRDS OF THE NEW YORK CITY REGION 



CENTRAL PARK. A common summer resident. Earliest 

 arrival February 13, 1909 (Anne A. Crolius). Nesting birds 

 depart early in September, and there is frequently a hiatus 

 of nearly a month before transients from further north ap- 

 pear in early October. The race of these birds has never been 

 determined. 



BRONX REGION. Earliest arrival February 26, 1909 

 (Griscom). 



New Jersey. A common summer resident throughout. I have 

 seen no specimen shot later than October 27, but it must certainly 

 linger later than this. 



ENGLEWOOD REGION. Several breeding colonies. Crackles 

 are abundant on migration. A flock of fifty birds seen February 

 11, 1911 (Griscom and LaDow) were unquestionably spring 

 arrivals. 



BRONZED GRACKLE (Quiscalus quiscula seneus) 

 Much remains to be determined about this bird in our 

 area, and this can only be done by collecting specimens. The 

 available evidence, however, would seem to show that the 

 Bronzed Grackle is a regular transient, arriving later than 

 the Purple Grackle in the spring and remaining into April. 

 In the fall the large flocks are probably mostly this race, and 

 winter birds almost certainly so. It surely is not safe for 

 students to call all birds Purple Grackles, except when occa- 

 sional individuals are positively determined otherwise, as has 

 long been the custom. These statements are based principally 

 on the careful work done by Dr. L. B. Bishop at New Haven. 

 Here adequate collecting has proved that the Bronzed 

 Grackle is an irregular spring migrant and abundant in the 

 fall, "far outnumbering any other if not all other species [of 

 Blackbirds! combined." It is also of interest to note that all 

 winter Grackles collected in Connecticut are Bronzed. This is 

 so near our area that it would be astonishing if the bird's 

 status changed radically twenty-five miles or so further south. 

 Wintering Grackles shot by M. S. Crosby in Dut chess County, 

 N. Y., also prove to be seneus. 



