[2.2.0] BIRDSOFOREGON 



in North America. In Oregon: Introduced and now particularly common in Wallowa, 

 Union, Umatilla, and Malheur Counties and in lesser numbers in practically all other 

 eastern counties. Established on less successful scale in Multnomah and perhaps 

 other Willamette Valley counties. 



THE FIRST European or Hungarian Partridges, now almost universally 

 known as "Huns," were brought into Oregon in 1900 and released in 

 the Willamette Valley, in Multnomah County, and in Marion County, 

 where they still persist, although they have not greatly increased. In 

 1913, 2.18 and in 1914, 1,52.2. were released in ~L^ counties of the State. They 

 increased rapidly, particularly in Umatilla, Morrow, and Wallowa Coun- 

 ties and can now be considered as one of the most abundant upland game 

 birds in those counties. Since that time the Oregon Game Commission 

 has trapped and moved numbers of them to various parts of eastern 

 Oregon, where many counties are becoming well stocked. 



This plump-bodied little bird is a favorite with gunners and to date 

 has caused far less complaint of crop damage than the China Pheasant. 

 It is a fast, strong flier that gets away with blinding speed and seems 

 able to hold its own in many parts of the State. It can be distinguished 

 from any other of the gallinaceous birds in Oregon by the reddish-brown 

 tail that is spread fanwise as the bird flies away. 



Eastern Bobwhite: 



Colinus virginianus virginianus (Linnaeus) 



DESCRIPTION. "Adult male: Line through eye white; throat white, bordered below 

 by black; rest of under parts buffy or brownish reddish brown on sides narrowly 

 barred with black; upper parts reddish brown and black; scapulars, tertials, and 

 lower back strikingly blotched with black. Adult female: like male, but black of 

 head replaced by brown, and white by buffy. Young: upper parts rusty, more or less 

 spotted with black, and feathers with white shaft streaks widening at tip; breast 

 grayish or brownish, streaked with white; throat and belly whitish." (Bailey) 

 Downy young: "In a typical chick the forehead and sides of the head are from 'ochra- 

 ceous-tawny' to 'ochraceous-buff,' with a stripe of brownish black from the eye to 

 the nape; a broad band from the hind neck to the crown, terminating in a point 

 above the forehead, is 'chestnut,' deepening to 'bay' on the edges: there is a similar 

 broad band of the same colors from the upper back to the rump; the rest of the upper 

 parts is mottled with 'chestnut,' dusky, and buff; the chin and lower parts are pale 

 buffer buffy white. In some specimens from the South the back and rump are almost 

 wholly 'chestnut,' mixed with some black." (Bent) Si%e: "Length 9.50-10.75, 

 wing 4.55, tail z.yo, bill .59." (Bailey) Nest: A shallow depression, lined with 

 dead grass or other dry vegetation, frequently arched over with woven grass, either 

 dead or growing, and artfully concealed. Eggs: iz to zo, usually 14 to 16, dull 

 white to creamy white. 



DISTRIBUTION. General: Breeds naturally from South Dakota, southern Minnesota, 

 southern Ontario, and Maine south to Texas, Gulf coast, and northern Florida. 

 In Oregon: Introduced and successfully established in many parts of State, particularly 

 in Willamette Valley, northern Morrow and Umatilla Counties, along Columbia 

 and Umatilla Rivers, Wallowa County, and along Snake River Valley near Ontario. 

 Less successful in Rogue River Valley, but there in small numbers. 



