THE BIRD PHOTOGRAPHER'S OUTFIT 19 



birds a lens having a focal length of at least four- 

 teen inches will be found the most satisfactory. 

 It should be added that, in order to make them 

 wholly comparable, the three contact prints as well 



7. The bird in Test Xo. 3 enlarged about three diameters. 



as the enlargements were made on enameled bromide 

 paper. 



The Shutter. For fairly rapid, slow, and time 

 exposures, a lens shutter, such as is sold with trade 

 cameras, will be found suitable. Simplicity and 

 noiselessness are the chief requirements in this kind 

 of a shutter. The " Iris Diaphragm " shutter is noise- 



