2 J. M. Macfarlane. — Sarraceniaceae. 



Petala vulgo 5 rarissime 0, libera. lutea ad purpureo-rubra, decidua. Staminaoovel 15, 

 libera, hypogyna, proterandra, filamentis attenuatis, antheris basifixis lateraliter dehis- 

 centibus, pollinis granulis minutis ovoideis sulcatis. Pistillum syncarpicum, carpellis 

 5 — 3, sepalis oppositis vel cum eis alternis; ovarium 5 — 3-loculare, saepe tota super- 

 ficie zb tuberculatum et nectariferum, placentis marginibus carpidiorum replicatis et 

 angulo interno loculorum prominentibus, saepe centro ovarii non coalitis; ovula oo sub- 

 horizontalia, anatropa, raphe laterali; Stylus inferiore parte simplex, cylindricus, apice 

 simplex stigmatibus minutis vel ± expansus, radiatus, 5-lobatus, stigmatibus papillosis 

 terminalibus. Capsula sphaerica ad ovata, 5 — 3-locularis, ab apice vel a lateribus 

 loculicide dehiscens. Semina oo, parva, testa crustacea vel laxe reticulata, albumen 

 carnosum, embryo prope hilum, parvus, cotyledonibus lineari-oblongis. 



Herbae perennes locis humidis et paludosis Americae crescentes. Rhizoma 

 cylindricum internodiis saepius subnullis et foliis dense sese obtegentibus vel rarissime 

 internodiis elongatis attenuatis et foliis zb distantibus, cicatrices foliorum subannulatae ; 

 radices ex rhizomate basi foliorum enatae. Folia petiolata, petiolo solido, basi alato 

 et dilatato, amplexicaulia, monomorphia, dimorphia vel trimorphia; folia vernalia 

 (pro ordine typica, in duobus generibus solum obvia) ascidiformia erecta suberecta vel 

 procumbentia, saepe rb rubro-viridia vel viridia maculis rubris et albis notata; ascidia valde 

 inflata tubulosa vel ventricosa, alae (i. e. dimidiae laminae p. 6) distinctae vel con- 

 junctae ventre longitudinaliter decurrentes, ascidium apice dorsi in operculum erectum con- 

 cavum vel cucullatum expansum, extus et intus dz villosum vel hirsutum et glandulosum ; 

 folia aestivalia si ascidiformia vernalibus conformia, si reducta verticalia viridia, costas 

 solidas alis verticalibus instructas formantia; folia autumnalia brevia squamiformia, 

 imbricata, acuminata, viridia vel rubra, per hiemem persistentia. Scapus erectus sub 

 apice saepe inversus, bracteis ad scapum dispersis vel sub flores aggregatis, 6 — i-florus. 



Vegetative Organs (Vegetationsorgane). The ripe capsules of Sarracenia and Dar- 



lingtonia shed their seeds from July to September in their native haunts. Germination 

 takes place in from three to five weeks, and a small seedling may be formed before 

 Winter in the warmer Southern States, or germination may be delayed tili the succeeding 

 Spring in colder States. The radicle emerges through the micropyle and grows to a 

 length of % — 3 cm, by which time the hypocotyl has emerged and elongated about \ cm. 

 Simultaneously the cotyledons grow, elongate greatly, and become green. Both are 

 linear, their ups push upward the seed coat, and remain within it for a time, in 

 order to absorb the albumen. One then usually frees itself, while the other continues 

 to complete final food absorption. This is effected by soft elongated terminal epidermal 

 cells of the cotyledons, which form slight papillär processes. When they have spread 

 apart a succession of four to seven ascidiform leaves next develops, which are nearly 

 vertical in all the species. In shape and relation of parts these closely resemble mature 

 leaves of S. minor , which may well be regarded as the primitive type of the genus, 

 a conclusion strengthened by many other characters. If the seedling has developed in 

 the Autumn to the above degree a rest then occurs during Winter. In early Spring a 

 second root arises at the junction of the radicle and hypocotyl, and this is succeeded, 

 during the remainder of the season, by six to eight roots that start from the top of 

 the hypocotyl, or from the short swollen stem. These roots attain an average length 

 of 7 cm, and are beset with short irregularly bent side rootlets. Meanwhile additional 

 leaves unfold, to the number of from 6 — 25, according to the species. These gradually 

 assume the adult characters alike as to shape, position and color, so that by the close 

 of the first complete season of growth the species can readily be determined. By this 

 time also the epicotyl, from which the above leaves have developed, has either enlarged 

 slightly [S. psittacina type), or has formed a tuberous swelling about the size of a pea 

 (S. flava type), that is the rudiment of the future rhizome. 



The adventitious rootlets above noted, arise each in the middle of a leaf base, 

 but only as a rule from the lower and lateral leaves on a rhizome. Root hairs are 



