Bull Oak. 



(Casuarina Luehmanni, R. T. Baker.) 



For pride of figure the Bull Oak surpasses all its congeners; the medullary rays are more 

 strongly developed than in that of any other species of Casuarina, or perhaps any other 

 Australian tree. They are a very marked feature of the timber when cut on the quarter, some 

 of them measuring one-eighth of an inch in thickness and over an inch in depth. These rays 

 also possess some property that enables them to resist weathering long after the other parts of 

 the wood have decayed, a fact noted by Mr. R. H. Cambage in his field experience. It looks 

 beautiful polished, having a full oak character; is a hard, heavy timber, close grained, and 

 only requires an original mind in the trade to turn it to good account, for it could be made 

 useful in very many directions in cabinetry. 



Description of the Tree. A fair-sized tree, attaining a height of 70 to 80 feet, or 

 rarely 100 feet, and a diameter of from i to i feet, rarely 2 feet. Bark furrowed, brittle 

 and easily removed. Branchlets robust, light coloured or glaucous, under a line (f ) in 

 diameter, about the same thickness as in C. glauca ; the internodes ribbed, 6 lines long, 

 glaucous, the nodes yellow, sheath teeth brown or black, short, acute, nine to twelve 

 in the whorl, mostly eleven. Flowers dicecious. Male spikes about an inch long, of 

 a light golden-brown colour, clustered at the nodes toward the end of the branchlets ; 

 internodes straw coloured, teeth golden coloured, erect, short acuminate, constricted at 

 the nodes. Fruit cones flattened, about \ inch in diameter, and consisting almost 

 uniformly of three discs or rows of valves, but often irregularly shaped, owing appar- 

 ently to only a few of the seeds being developed. Valves protruding, prominent, 

 sometimes pubescent at the back and front, with a well defined dorsal protuberance 

 extending from the base of the valve to half its length and ending in an abrupt angle 

 broadly obtuse or shortly acuminate. Nuts small, dark brown, shining, with a short 

 samara. 



Geographical Range. -Interior of New South Wales and Queensland. 



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