xi SIPHONOPHORA CALYCOPHORAE PHYSOPHORAE 307 



Sub-Fam. 3. Desmophyinae. The colony bears a large number 

 of reserve or tertiary nectocalyces arranged in two rows. Des- 

 mophyes, Indian Ocean. 



Sub-Fam. 4. Stephanophyinae. There are four nectocalyces 

 arranged in a horizontal plane. Each one of the cormidia bears 

 a nectocalyx, which is periodically replaced. This sub-family is 

 constituted for Stephanophyes superba from the Canary Islands. 

 It attains a length of 25 cm., and is probably the largest and 

 most beautiful of all the Calycophoridae. 1 



The group Diphyidae Superpositae contains the following : 



Sub-Fam. 1. Galeolapjnae. Galeolaria. 



Sub-Fam. 2. Diphyopsinae. Diphyes. 



Sub-Fam. 3. Abylinae. Abyla. 



These sub-families differ from one another in the character 

 and shape of the nectocalyces and in other characters. They 

 have a world-wide distribution, Diphyes and Galeolaria extending 



north into the Arctic Seas. Diphyes is British. 

 Fam. 3. Polyphyidae. The nectocalyces are numerous, and 

 superposed in two rows. The cormidia remain attached. 



The family contains the genera Polyphyes and Hippopodius, 

 both probably cosmopolitan in warm waters. 



Sub-Order II. Physophorae. 



In this sub -order the primary nectocalyx gives rise to a 

 definite pneumatophore. There are four families. 



Fam. 1. Physonectidae. In this, the largest family of the 

 sub-order, there is a monothalamic pneumatophore supporting a 

 stolon, which in some forms is of great length, but in others is 

 reduced to a stump or pad, on which there are usually found 

 several nectocalyces, hydrophyllia, gastrozooids, gonozooids, and 

 tentilla. 



The principal sub-families are : 



Agalminae. With a long stolon, bearing at the upper end 

 {i.e. the end next to the pneumatophore) two rows of nectocalyces. 

 The other zooids are arranged in cormidia on the stolon, each 

 covered by a hydrophy Ilium. Dactylozooids with tentilla. 

 Agalma and Cupulita, Mediterranean Sea. 



Apoleminae. Similar to the above, but without tentilla. 



1 C. Chun, Abh. Senck. Nat. Ges. Frankfort, xvi. 1891. 









