434 CORACIIFORMES chap. 



with glittering blue tail-coverts and chest ; the rectrices are steel- 

 blue, the wings and abdomen blackish. E. jugularis, of the 

 Windward Islands, has green wings and red throat. Petaso- 

 fliora contains some seven members, ranging from South Mexico 

 to Bolivia and Brazil, with fine blue or purple ear-tufts, which 

 occasionally meet in front. Chrysolam.'pis mosquitus, extending 

 from J^ew Granada to Guiana and Brazil, with Trinidad, is often 

 called the Euby-and-Topaz Humming-bird, from its ruby -red 

 head and nape, and topaz-orange throat and breast ; the upper 

 surface is velvety brown, the tail chestnut, the abdomen olive. 

 The plumage of the male is largely used for decoration ; but the 

 female is chiefly dull bronzy-green with whitish lower parts. 



(2) Forms with feebly serrated beaks. The large musky- 

 scented Pterophanes temmincki, of the Andes from Colombia to 

 Bolivia, is dark green, with the whole wing blue above and 

 below, except for its black tip. The hen-bird is rufous beneath and 

 has purplish-black remiges. Li/plilogaena iris, the lovely fork- 

 tailed " Eainbow," has a golden-green forehead, an orange-scarlet 

 crown with a rich violet-blue median stripe, a black nape, a 

 lustrous lilac throat - spot, a chestnut rump - region, tail and 

 abdomen, and green plumage elsewhere. The female has little 

 or no copper or blue tints. This species inhabits the Andes 

 from Ecuador to Bolivia, and has two similar congeners. Cyano- 

 leshia gorgo of Colombia and Venezuela is green, with the throat 

 sapphire-blue and the tail violet-blue in the male, these parts 

 being white and nearly green respectively in the hen, which 

 has the under parts chestnut. SappJio, of Peru, Bolivia, Chili, 

 and Argentina, includes two exceptionally lovely birds with long 

 forked tails and luminous throats. S. sparganura, the " Sappho 

 Comet," is bronzy - green with crimson back and fiery orange 

 rectrices, which are black at the tip and brown at the base. S. 

 phaon has both the above parts lustrous crimson. The females have 

 short tails and lack the red back. The four members of Lcshia, 

 another genus with a long forked tail, occupy the Andes from 

 Colombia and Venezuela to Bolivia ; L. victoriae, the " Train- 

 bearer " of Bogota, being golden green with glittering throat 

 and purplish -black tail tipped with green; the hen is green 

 and white below, and has the narrow rectrices shorter. 

 Metallura, with about nine species, is found in the same coun- 

 tries. Eustephanus galeritus of Chili, the Straits of Magellan, 



