1 EPICONDYLAR FORAMINA 39 
the former is alone concerned with the glenoid cavity. It must 
therefore, one would suppose, correspond to the “ coracoid” of the 
Monotremata, while the upper piece of bone is the epicoracoid 
process of that mammal. The Mammalia, therefore, higher as 
well as lower, differ from the reptiles in that the coracoid is 
formed of two bones, the exceptions being, among some other 
extinct forms, certain of the Anomodontia, a group which it will 
be recollected is the nearest of all reptiles to the mammals. 
The Fore-limb.—The humerus is of varying length among 
mammals. A feature which it sometimes shares with the humerus 
Fic. 30.—Distal extrem- 
ity of the humerus to 
show Epicondylar Fora- 
mina. A, In Hatteria ; 
B, in a Lizard (Lacerta 
ocellata) ; C, in the 
Domestic Cat; D, in 
Man. c.e, External con- 
dyle ; c.v, internal con- 
dyle. In A the two 
foramina are developed 
(at z, the entepicondy- 
lar; at aw, the ectepi- 
condylar). The only 
canal (+) present in the 
Lizard (B) is on the 
external ulnar side, in 
the cartilaginous distal 
extremity. In Man (D) 
an entepicondylar pro- 
cess (pr) is sometimes 
developed and con- 
tinued as afibrous band. 
(From Wiedersheim’s 
Anatomy of Man.) 
of lower forms is the presence of an entepicondylar foramen, a 
defect of ossification situated above the inner condyle of that bone 
which transmits a nerve. The same foramen and an additional 
ectepicondylar foramen are found in the ancient reptilian type 
Hatteria (Sphenodon) ; it occurs also in the Anomodont reptiles. 
It is as a rule only the lower forms among mammals which show 
this foramen; thus it is present in the Mole and absent in the 
