Se EXTINCT OXEN J 29 
is not necessary to change it. The Sclavonic name is Zubr or Suber. 
It is a great beast, standing 6 feet or so in height at the 
shoulder. It ranged further over Europe well within the historic 
period. In the days of Charlemagne it was spread over Germany 
and was a beast of the chase. In the year 1848 the Emperor 
of Russia presented a pair of these Oxen to the Zoological Society 
of London. At the time of their presentation an interesting 
communication was made to the Society by M. Dolmatoff, on the 
method of the capture of these two examples. The creature is 
not easy to capture and is alarming to confront. “The eyes,” 
Fic. 167.—Bison. Bison americanus. xX 35. 
says an old writer, “are red and fiery; the looks are furious and 
commanding.” It has of course the shaggy mane and hump of 
the American animal. The herd in Lithuania was said to be 
1900 in the year 1856. Mr. E. N. Buxton,’ who has lately 
visited the forest, quotes M. Neverli to the effect that at present 
the numbers are not more than 700. 
Allied to this animal, and apparently still nearer to the American 
Bison, is the extinct B. priscus of Europe. The Pleistocene Bisons 
of North America, B. antiquus and B. latifrons, are not remote from 
the living forms. Finally, the Miocene B. sivalensis from India, 
and the Pliocene B. ferox and B. alleni of North America, take back 
this group to as remote a period as any other genus of Oxen. 
1 Proc. Zool. Soc. 1899, p. 64. 
