XI CHILLINGHAM CATTLE 220 
it and some other species. Africa has at least two Buffaloes. We 
may finally mention the Wild Ox of Europe, &. primigenius, the 
supposed progenitor of our domestic cattle, believed to be still 
surviving in the herds at Chillingham, Chartley, and elsewhere. 
This animal is sometimes called the Aurochs. The Romans spoke 
of it as the Urus, and it appears to have formerly attained to 
more gigantic proportions than at present. It is the small size 
of the present race that is the chief objection to tracing them 
back to the large Oxen existing near London in 1174, and found 
sub-fossil in the Cambridgeshire fens. 
Of the true sheep, genus Ovis, there are a considerable number 
Fic. 170.—Punjab Wild Sheep. Ovis vignet. x 75. 
of species. The Sheep are to be distinguished from the Goats by 
their rather stouter build and by the absence of the beard in the 
male. The horns are developed in both sexes, and are usually 
twisted and often of large size. 
The Sheep are almost entirely Palaearctic and Nearctic. They 
only just get into the Oriental region. One of the finest species 
is the great Pamir Sheep, 9. poli, whose length reaches 6 feet 
VOL. X ¥ 
