XI THE MUSK OX 327 
which has the peculiarity of having the shortest cannon bones of 
any Ruminant. Its name denotes its range. 
Fic. 177.—Goral. Nemorrhaedus goral. 
The Musk Ox, Ovibos moschatus, has been thought to be on 
the borderland between the Sheep and Oxen, as indeed expressed 
in its scientific name. It is a purely Arctic creature, now con- 
fined to the Nearctic region; but it formerly existed in the 
Arctic regions of Europe. 
The anatomy of the “soft parts” of this genus has lately 
been investigated by Dr. Lénnberg.' The animal has no foot 
glands such as occur in Ovis. Its kidneys, however, are non- 
lobate, and it has orbital glands. The cotyledons of the placenta 
are unusually large, and the cow has the “primary four” teats. 
It cannot, in fact, be definitely referred to either the Caprine or 
the Bovine section of the Cavicornia, and while possibly most allied 
to Budorcas, it may be regarded, at least for the present, as 
entitled to form a separate sub-family of its own. The muzzle 
1 Proc. Zool. Soc. 1900, p. 142. 
