XI GRAMPUS AND KILLER Bas 
seven to twelve on each side, confined to anterior end of 
jaws. Skull raised into a prominence behind the blow-hole ; 
pterygoids large and in contact. Pectoral fin long and falcate ; 
dorsal fin present. No beak. Vertebral formula C7, D11, L11 
to 14, Ca 27 to 29. Six pairs of the ribs are two-headed. 
The best known species of the genus is the Ca’ing Whale, 
G. melas... This animal reaches a length of 20 feet, and is thus 
one of the largest of the Delphinidae. It is gregarious and was, 
even is now, much hunted in the Faeroe Islands. Its sheep- 
like habits (embodied in oné scientific name deductor) enable 
it to be easily driven on shore in herds, which are then har- 
pooned. The foetus of this Whale has a few hairs; the number 
of phalanges in the two middle digits is very great, as many as 
eleven to fourteen. G. scammoni, G. brachypterus, and G. indicus 
are other reputed species of the genus allowed by True and 
Blanford. 
Grampus is a genus allied to the last. It has no teeth in 
the upper jaw, and but three to seven in the lower jaw, near the 
symphysis of the mandible. The pterygoids are in contact. 
There is no beak, and the pectoral fin is long. There are twelve 
pairs of ribs, of which six are two-headed. Apparently there 
is but one species, G. griseus, known as “Risso’s Dolphin.” 
It is a Mediterranean and Atlantic form, and is not common. 
The genus Orea has as characters:—Teeth ten to thirteen, 
long and strong. Pterygoids not quite meeting. Vertebrae 
vie ae eto. 2 ln, 0) Car 23. "ihe first. tworor three’ fused! 
The dorsal fin is long and pointed. 
Of this genus there may be more than one species ;_ but the best 
known is the Killer Whale, 0. gladiator (Fig. 180, p. 341), often 
spoken of as the “Grampus.”* It is marked with contrasting bands 
of white or yellow upon a black body-colour. The animal grows to 
a considerable length, as much as 30 feet. Orca is a powerful and 
rapacious Whale; and Eschricht has stated that from the stomach 
of one, thirteen Porpoises and fourteen Seals were extracted. They 
will also combine to attack larger Whales, and Scammon_ has 
related how he witnessed such an onslaught upon a Californian 
1 See an essay on the hunting of this Whale, by S. H. C. Miiller, in Fish and 
Fisheries, Edinburgh (Blackwood), 1883. 
2 Grampus being a contraction of grand poisson is an obvious name to apply 
to any Whale. 
