416 CAPE HUNTING DOG CHAP. 
likeness of some of the cheek teeth to those of the more primitive 
Arctoids. The angle of the lower jaw is inflected, a character, 
however, which seems to be more general than is usually allowed 
among animals not referable to the Marsupials. It is possible 
that Otocyon is a_ persistent Creodont-lke form which has 
developed in a direction curiously, and in a most detailed 
fashion, parallel to the Dogs. If, however, we may assume the 
addition of the molar, then this anomalous but not necessarily 
untenable conclusion is obviated. 
The genus Cuon, or Cyon, has been instituted for the two or 
three species of Eastern Dogs (C. primaevus, C. dukkunensis, etc.) 
which agree with each other in the constant loss of a molar in 
the lower jaw, or, it should be said, almost constant loss, for 
the missing tooth is occasionally represented. The latter of the 
two species mentioned, the Dhole, is, like its congeners, an 
animal which hunts in packs; it is said to hunt even the 
ferocious Tiger, and to be thus one of the few animals which can 
face the largest and fiercest of the Carnivora. 
The genus Lycaon is a very distinct type, being differentiated 
from other Dogs by the possession of only four toes on both 
fore- and hind-limbs, and by the dental formula, which is Pm ¢ 
M 2. The one species is L. pictus, the Cape Hunting Dog. It is 
singularly like a Hyaena’ in general appearance; the ochraceous 
grey ground-colour with black markings and the iong ears pro- 
duce this lhkeness. The animal has got its vernacular name 
from the habit of hunting in packs. Its range is over a good 
part of Africa. The occurrence of this species (or at least genus, 
for the name ZL. anglicus has been used) in caves in Glamorgan- 
shire seems to show that it is a comparatively recent immigrant 
into Africa. As to its visceral structures, Zycaon” does not differ 
widely from other Dogs. It has, however, no lytta beneath the 
tongue. The intestines are thus divided: large, 9 feet 1 inch; 
small, 1 foot 3 inches. This contrasts with the proportions 
observable in some other Dogs. While other Dogs have but a 
cartilaginous rudiment of the clavicle, Zycaon has a considerably 
larger representative of this bone. 
The bulk of the Dogs, Wolves, Foxes, and Jackals are thus 
left over for inclusion in the genus Canis. But the numerous 
1 Temminck, its original describer, placed it in the genus Hyaena. 
2 See Garrod, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1878, p. 373. 
