526 GENERA OF FRUIT BATS CHAP. 
three remaining below; while there is but one molar in each 
upper jaw, and two in each lower. Dr. Dobson has studied 
the structure of the remarkable pharyngeal sacs which exist in 
the neck of the male, and are capable of inflation. 
Pteralopex of the Solomon Islands has shorter ears than have 
many Pteropus, otherwise its external characters are the same. 
As in Pteropus nicobarieus, this genus has the orbits shut off by a 
bony ring, an extremely rare phenomenon in Bats. The canines 
have two cusps. The characters of the grinding teeth have 
already been mentioned. It is uncertain whether the only 
species of this genus, P. atrata, is, or is not, a vegetable feeder. 
Harpyia has shortish ears and extraordinarily prolonged and 
tubular nostrils. There is a hint of the accessory cusp to the 
canines mentioned above in Pteralopex. The incisors are reduced 
to one on each upper jaw, and none below. Cynopterus has also 
often bituberculate canines. It is an Oriental genus with several 
species. 
Nesonycteris, with one species a ie Solomon Islands, 1. 
woodfordi, has the dental formula 1? C+ Pm3 M2. The index 
finger has no. claw; the tail is ae The sneered: are 
separated anteriorly. 
Honycteris, with a single cave-dwelling species from Burmah, 
H. spelaea, has also no claw upon the index; the tooth formula 
is fuller by reason of the presence of an sildntawel 3 incisor below. 
The tongue is very long and is armed with papillae. There is a 
short but distinct tail. 
Notopteris, from New’ Guinea and the Fiji Islands, is dis- 
tinguished from the related genera by its long tail. 
The remaining genera of Fruit Bats are Boneia, Harpyionye- 
teris, Cephalotes, Cc linye teris, and Macroglossus, from the Oriental 
region, and Scotonycteris, Liponyx, and Megaloglossus from the 
Ethiopian region ; finally, there is the Australian JJelonycteris. 
SUB-ORDER 2. MICROCHIROPTERA. 
The members of this sub-order are mostly insectivorous though 
occasionally “frugivorous or sanguivorous” Bats. The molars are 
multicuspid with sharp cusps. The palate is not continued back 
behind the last molar. The second finger has but one phalanx, or 
