564 EXTRATROPICAL MONKEYS CHAP. 
particular it is unique among the members of its genus. At one 
time its extinction on the “ Rock” was nearly accomplished, but 
three individuals being known. In 1893 the Governor of 
Gibraltar informed Mr. Sclater that he had himself counted as 
many as thirty in one herd. Its depredations seem to have led 
to the expression of a wish in some quarters that the numbers 
should be thinned; but feeling on the opposite side appears to be 
stronger, so that whatever was the actual mode of its introduction 
on to the “ Rock” it will at any rate remain there unmolested 
for the present. 
M. teheliensis is a species found in the Yung-ling Mountains 
in North China. It is, with the possible exception of JZ. speciosus, 
the most northerly form of Monkey. It is interesting on account 
of the fact that like the Tiger of those regions it has put on an 
extra coating of fur to enable it to combat with the bitter 
winters. It is doubtful whether it is more than a variety of 
the Rhesus Monkey (JZ. rhesus). 
M. nemestrinus, “the Pig-tailed Macaque,” is trained by the 
natives of the east to climb cocoa-nut palms and to carefully 
select and throw down only the ripe fruit. Sir Stamford Raffles 
apparently was the first to report upon this useful intelligence of 
the animal, and Dr. Charles Hose of Borneo has confirmed him. 
The Japanese Macaque (Jf. speciosus) is well known from the 
work of Japanese artists. It is the only species of Monkey 
found in Japan, and goes very far north. . 
A rather rare form is Jf leoninus. It has a short tail, and 
occurs in Burmah. J silenus is distinguished by a ruff of long 
light-coloured hair surrounding the face. It is sometimes called 
the Wanderoo ; but this is apparently quite inaccurate, since that 
term is used by the Ceylonese for a Semnopithecus. For those 
who wish a “pseudo-vernacular” name Dr. Blanford suggests 
Pennant’s name of “ Lion-tailed Monkey.” 
The commonest species of the genus are JZ cynomolgus, 
M. sinicus, and M. rhesus. 
The genus Cercocebus, including those Monkeys known as 
Mangabeys, is confined to West Africa. They have always a 
long tail, quite as long as the body. The upper eyelids are pure 
white in colour. The ischial callosities are more pronounced 
than in the Macaques. In the Mangabeys also the hairs are not 
ringed with differently coloured bars, as is the case with both 
