XVII SPECIES OF CHIMPANZEE 579 
which a part is reproduced in Professor Huxley’s essay referred 
to below,’ the Apes, which correspond roughly in their appearance 
to Chimpanzees, are represented as being captured by the device 
of limed boots, which the Apes are putting on. This idea has 
been subsequently imitated and acted upon. A little later, Andrew 
Battel wrote of the Pongo and of another creature the Engeco. 
This latter, whatever may be the case with the former, is in all 
probability the Chimpanzee, since the word ’Nchego, now applied 
to those creatures, seems to be the same word. From this seems 
also to be derived the sailor’s term “Jacko.” Whether there are 
or are not more than one species of Chimpanzee, is a matter 
which has exercised and perplexed naturalists. That there are 
plain differences of external features, at any rate between in- 
dividuals, is perfectly clear. We are justified in recognising 
three forms, but the question of their specific distinctness may 
for the present be held in reserve. The commonest of these is 
the variety known as A. troglodytes. This is frequent in mena- 
geries, though the specimens on view are nearly always: young 
and small. The face and the hands are flesh-coloured, and the 
ears are very large. The black hair gets a reddish tinge on the 
flanks. The second variety is that which was termed by du 
Chaillu Vroglodytes kooloo-kamba. This animal appears to be 
also the 7. aubryi of MM. Gratiolet and Alix,’ and to be identical 
with two Apes known by the names of “ Mafuca” and “Johanna.” * 
The former of these was exhibited in Dresden, the latter at 
Messrs. Barnum and Bailey’s show. The two animals have been 
carefully studied. They differ from the common Chimpanzee by 
the dark colour of the face, and in the case of Mafuca the ear 
was Gorilline in form. So too was the ear of 4. aubryi, while 
Johanna has a larger one. These features have led to the sug- 
gestion that the Kooloo-kamba was the result of a mésalliance 
between a Gorilla and a common Chimpanzee. 
It has at any rate been stated that the two Anthropoids do 
go about in company; but there seems to be little doubt that 
there is no question here of a hybrid. Dr. Keith’s careful 
studies * upon Johanna have demonstrated the impossibility of 
1 **Man’s Place in Nature,” vol. vii. of Collected Essays, London, 1894. 
* Hartmann’s ‘‘ Anthropoid Apes,” in International Sci. Ser. London, 1885. 
3 Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, ii. 1866. 
4 Proc. Zool. Soc. 1899, p. 296. 
