RELATIONS OF ARCHEOLOGY 519 



language has the consonant tl : all of these peculiarities being 

 proper to the above-mentioned Nahua race. As this race extended, 

 it must necessarily have driven the autochthonous race towards 

 the north and west. The analogies existing between the customs, 

 anthropological characters, and traditions of the peoples of northern 

 Asia and America, are well known. If the Esquimaux could cross 

 from one continent to another, it is but logical to believe that the 

 monosyllabic peoples, driven out by the Nahuas, in very remote 

 times crossed from the northwest of America to the northeast of 

 Asia, and advanced into the latter, extending from east to west, 

 as is borne out by their historical records. Later, in the age of the 

 worked stone, and perhaps when copper was being used, the Chanes 

 came to the region of the Uzumacinta, in boats, according to tra- 

 dition. On mixing with the monosyllabic race, Mam or Mox, they 

 not only formed in that territory a new ethnographical body with 

 a language of its own, but by its development and the natural law 

 of expansion, they extended as far as the two isthmuses, and, pass- 

 ing what is now known as Tehuantepec, continued in a northerly 

 direction. 



The idols with nasem found in Michoacan prove that they reached 

 as far as there and were stopped in their advance by the Mecas, 

 inhabitants of Xalixco. In the east they continued along the present 

 territory of Vera Cruz, passing beyond La Quemada in Zacatecas. 

 In structure, these ruins are closely connected with those of Ake 

 in the Maya Peninsula. It is, therefore, an absurdity to call them 

 Chicomoztoc, as this would be to attribute them to races which 

 neither passed thither, nor even ever had an idea of their existence. 

 The theory that the races from the south followed the coast-line 

 and went up the Mississippi is not without a certain amount of 

 foundation. This fact appears to be proved by the kind of con- 

 structions of the mound-builders, the character of the carved shells 

 found in them, certain traces in the linguistics, and many other 

 such circumstances. Then, the invasion towards the north from the 

 east drove the ancient tribes towards the west, while these in their 

 turn emigrated to the south, one of the first of such migrations 

 being that of the Xiuhs, who set out on their journey in the year 626 

 before the common era. Having reached the southern portion of our 

 territory, they produced, by their union with the peoples already 

 existing there, that marvelous civilization, as revealed in the ruins 

 of Yucatan and Palemke. 



As I have already stated, the linguistics confirms all this. The 

 craniological explorations conducted by Professor Hrdlicka have 

 come to prove the traditions, so far as refers to the Nahuas. 



Archeology has thus made great advances in so important a sub- 

 ject as that of the migrations; nay, more, it will, so far as is possible, 



