1 : . PATHOLOGY 



observations, is equally true for pathologic and normal 



with special anatomy it wfll suffice to refer to the 

 of the brain, especially to the course of its 

 order to show how much pathology has contributed to the 

 of normal structure, Tne great progress which the fine 

 brain anatomy made hi the last decades of the last century is due 

 in large part to pathologic oli 1 1 1 rtitmm, medical investigations, 

 conceived by physicians, and the result of investigations 

 brought forward in connected form, especially by medical 



is true, but even to a higher duyw, of physiology , the 

 pathologic branch of which has unfortunately not received the 



in every place as * separate 

 not been neglected by scientific 



fieine 



A large part of our knowledge of human physiology has been 

 bytheobserrationsof functions changed by disease as they 

 symptoms of disease in man or are produced artificially 

 by ^r > " TBP * t animals. Where would the physiology of the 

 brain be, if pathology had not made dear the position of the centres 

 ;of the tracts from the constantly recurring sympt< 

 thnlogic i ipiisMil had not proved the correctne 



of the conduaons which were drawn from human observations 1 

 What would general cellular physiology be. if observation of the 

 of cefls under iswjiqg fife i imililiiaM had not given us 

 cneernmg the processes under normal conditions 7 1 la 

 cellular physiology rather a product of cellular patho- 

 logy? Was it not a iiiliniifcpi, IL Virchow. who introduced the 

 that the cefl is the final form element of all vital phenomena, 

 who arrived at this conclusion not least through pathologic 



From the deviations one rarogniirs most readily the law. There is 



as not received enlightenment 

 bom the experiences of pathology. The doctrine 

 to name only a few of these problems,, plays no small 

 pathology,, and many cases of pathologic heredity throw 

 on the subject and nature of heredity in general. The 

 tof pathology in the realm of hematology, the doc- 

 of amtauBi and pnsfpsliM^ !* abMify led to most valuaMe 

 the ff^fffl biologic question of the blood 

 relationship off animals with one another. MM! of animals with man. 

 The blood of anthropoid apes and man shows similar behaviors, 

 from the blood of other animals. - 



1 V 



