470 OTOLOGY AND LARYNGOLOGY 



ference. However, this is a subject on which I have no wish to dwell 

 again on this occasion, and I much rather recognize the brilliant 

 progress made of late years and I may proudly add mostly by 

 specialists in the surgical treatment of the early stages of laryngeal 

 cancer by thyrotomy, of affections of the accessory cavities, and 

 of deviations of the septum of the nose in the radical treatment of 

 mastoid disease, and in the removal of foreign bodies from the 

 bronchi and esophagus. All these achievements belong to the veri- 

 table triumphs of contemporaneous surgery. 



Children's Diseases. The large proportion of children seen in the 

 out-patients' room and at the private consultations of specialists for 

 throat, nose, and ear affections bears eloquent testimony to the close 

 associations between diseases peculiar to childhood and affections of 

 the auditory and upper respiratory tract. Here, of course, in the first 

 place, adenoid vegetations and their far-reaching influence upon 

 general development have to be mentioned, an influence of which it 

 may only be devoutly hoped that it should not be overstated. But 

 there are additionally the infectious diseases of childhood, in the 

 course of which complications on the part of the ears, the throat, and 

 the nose play a large role. It is pleasant to note how much more 

 attention is paid to the condition of the upper respiratory tract and 

 the ears of children by Government and public health officers than 

 was the case only a few years ago, and to read of the increased fre- 

 quency of the examination of school-children with regard to their 

 hearing and breathing powers in different countries of the world. 

 That is certainly the proper way to promote the health of the com- 

 munity. 



Ophthalmology. Whilst in this country for a number of years the 

 specialistic treatment of affections of the eye, throat, ear, and nose 

 has frequently been combined on one hand, both in private practice 

 and in hospitals, it is only comparatively recently that attention has 

 been more prominently directed towards the close association of 

 affections of the eyes and nose. The pioneer in this direction has 

 undoubtedly been Dr. Ziem of Danzig. But much has been learned 

 regarding the importance of this connection since he published his 

 first paper about twenty years ago. The reader who has not himself 

 worked on the subject will be surprised to learn from the recent 

 brilliant contribution to this question from the pen of Professor 

 Schmiegelow of Copenhagen how much more has been done in this 

 field since Ziem's first investigations were published and how much 

 more remains to be done. 



Dermatology and Syphilitic Diseases. Here again the close con- 

 nection between manifestations on the external integument and 

 similar ones on the mucous membranes is a well-established fact. 

 The chapter on syphilis of the throat, nose, and ear is one of the most 



