SECTION A CIVIL ENGINEERING 



(Hall 10, September 21, 10 a. m.) 



CHAIRMAN: PROFESSOR WILLIAM H. BURR, Columbia University. 

 SPEAKERS: DR. J. A. L. WADDELL, Consulting Engineer, Kansas City. 

 MR. LEWIS M. HAUPT, Consulting Engineer, Philadelphia. 



THE RELATIONS OF CIVIL ENGINEERING TO OTHER 

 BRANCHES OF SCIENCE 



BY JOHN ALEXANDER LOW WADDELL 



[John Alexander Low Waddell, Consulting Engineer, firm of Waddell and Hed- 

 rick, Kansas City, Missouri, b. January 15, 1854, Port Hope, Ontario, Canada. 

 C.E. Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1875; B.A. Sc. and Ma. E. McGill 

 University, 1882; D.Sc. McGill University, 1904; LL.D. Missouri State Univer- 

 sity, 1904; Knight Commander of the Japanese Order of the Rising Sun, 1888; 

 Assistant Professor of Rational and Technical Mechanics, Rensselaer Poly- 

 technic Institute, 1878-80; Professor, Civil Engineering, Imperial University, 

 Tokyo, Japan, 1882-86; Consulting Engineer, Kansas City, Missouri, 1887- 

 1905. Member of American Society of Civil Engineers; Institution of Civil 

 Engineers, London; La Socie'te' des Inge"nieurs Civils, Paris; Canadian Society 

 of Civil Engineers; Rensselaer Society of Engineers; Society for Promotion of 

 Engineering Education; Geographical Society of France; Honorary Member 

 of Kogaku Kyokai (Japanese Engineering Society). Author of many books on 

 bridge-building, such as A System of Iron Railroad Bridges for Japan; De Pont- 

 ibus; etc.] 



THE topic set for this address is "The Relations of Civil Engineering 

 to Other Branches of Science." In its broad sense civil engineer- 

 ing includes all branches of engineering except, perhaps, the military. 

 This is its scope as recognized by two of the highest authorities, viz., 

 the American Society of Civil Engineers and the Institution of Civil 

 Engineers of Great Britain; for these two societies of civil engin- 

 eers admit to their ranks members of all branches of engineering. 

 It is evident, though, from a perusal of the Programme of this Con- 

 gress that the Organizing Committee intended to use the term in a 

 restricted sense, because it has arranged for addresses on mechanical, 

 electrical, and mining engineering. But what are the proper restric- 

 tions of the term is, up to the present time, a matter of individual 

 opinion, no authority having as yet attempted definitely to divide 

 engineering work among the various branches of the profession. To 

 do so would, indeed, be a most difficult undertaking; for not only do 

 all large constructions involve several branches of engineering, but 

 also the profession is constantly being more minutely divided and 

 subdivided. For instance, there are recognized to-day by the general 



