640 MINING ENGINEERING 



well, to convey intelligently his plans and suggestions to his supe- 

 riors, his wishes to his subordinates, and to read up his authorities 

 on matters professional. 



Language: He should know foreign languages for ease in con- 

 versing with foreigners and reading their works. 



Literature : He should be familiar with good literature, to give 

 him ease in meeting people. 



Logic : He should understand the basis of argument, the rela- 

 tions of cause and effect, both as to men and things. 



Mathematics : He should be able to use mathematics for clear 

 thinking, demonstrating, and estimating. 



Physics : He should be familiar with the laws of physics ; mech- 

 anics, heat, light, electricity, sound, pneumatics, hydraulics, to help 

 him act wisely in professional matters. 



Chemistry : He must understand the laws of chemistry, not only 

 as to effects of humid operations but as to effects of fire. 



Drawing: He must have a good working knowledge of drawing 

 for clear thinking, for making designs, for expounding plans to 

 others, and for directing work. 



Power: He must know the prime movers in their operation, 

 their economy, and efficiency. 



Machinery: He must understand the transmitting machinery, 

 to bring his power to the commercial end point with the greatest 

 economy. 



Railroads: He must understand the laying out and running 

 of railroads, including cuts, fills, tunnels, grades, tracks, switches, 

 bridges, rolling-stock, locomotives for conveying his material. 



Surveying: He must understand surveying for defining under- 

 ground boundaries, for meeting underground workings, for locat- 

 ing, grading, roads, buildings, machines, water-pipes, ditches, 

 wires, etc. 



Mineralogy : He must know and be able to determine the minerals 

 of economic importance, to recognize and take advantage of values 

 when and where opportunity occurs. 



Geology: He must be skilled in geology for locating deposits, in 

 preliminary work, and for predicting the whereabouts of ore-de- 

 posits in existing mines. 



Materials: He must know the materials of engineering what, 

 when, where, and how to use them, and also to preserve them. 



Structures: He must know the principles upon which structures 

 are built and the practice in building. 



Law : He must be up in the law of contracts and of titles, to see 

 that his company gets its rights in purchasing materials, selling 

 materials, and in ownership of its property. 



Labor : He must know the value of a day's work and see to it 



