188 



THE CANADIAN HOKTICULTURTSI. 



manuring shall be placed within the 

 area of soil occupied by the roots. A 

 p^-iori deep-nianui'ing, or shallow-nian- 

 uriug or surface-manuring, as a prac- 

 tice, sho\ild depend upon the rooting 

 character of the plants which are to be 

 gi'own upon the soil which receives the 

 manure. 



E. Lewis Stuetevant, Director. 



the same grade throughout. " There's 

 millions in it."— From Rural New 

 Yorker, 



MARKETING FRUITS. 



The marketing of a product is as 

 important a matter as production. 

 The profit depends fully as much upon 

 proper sale as upon proper production. 

 The profit is the margin between cost 

 of production and price realized ; hence 

 a poor price desti'oys profit as efl'ectually 

 as excessive cost of production. The 

 first point to observe is perfect honesty- 

 Give honest measure. A short measure 

 is an abomination unto the buyer of 

 fruits. Let a quart package be two full 

 pints : and let your peck be eight such 

 quarts. Don't cheat, and greater shall 

 be your reward. To be successful you 

 must establish a good reputation, and 

 to do this you must have honest mea- 

 sures. 



Pack honestly. Let me tell you that 

 next to honest measure, honest packing- 

 is the prime reqviisite of , successful 

 marketing. If you would make that 

 reputation without which you can not 

 make money, you will have the con- 

 tents of every barrel, basket or box 

 as good at the bottom or middle as at 

 the top. Always sort your apples, 

 peaches, plums, ttc; never put large and 

 small ones in the same basket, and be 

 very careful that you don't put the large 

 ones on the top. The small ones will 

 help to fill the basket very little and 

 will spoil the looks and the sale of the 

 whole. Keep them separate and they 

 will measure more, the .small ones will 

 sell for as much as the mixed lot, and 

 the large ones for extra fine fruit. 

 Have the contents of each package of 



FERTILIZERS. 



Mr. Ware ventured to mention salt 

 as a manure ; he had seen excellent 

 results from its use. If not jdant food, 

 it is certainly taken up hy plants, as is 

 shown by their salt taste. For mangolds, 

 carrots and cabbages, it is certainly 

 valuable in connection with other man- 

 ures, and farther inland it must be 

 more valuable. He had seen large 

 crops of grass where the salt had been 

 washed from curing fish. He would 

 apply from ten to twenty bushels per 

 acre of I'efuse salt, which can be obtain- 

 ed very cheaply. 



Night soil is valuable, but it will not 

 do to depend upon it alone ; it must be 

 used in connection with some other 

 manures. 



Farnii I's should depend mainly on 

 their barns for manures, and use com- 

 mercial fertilizers to eke them out and 

 assist them. A report of the ( 'on- 

 necticut Agricultural Experiment Sta- 

 tion says that tlie jirice of commercial 

 fertilizers is from thirty to thirty-five 

 per cent, aliove the va.lue of the mate- 

 rials, and farmers pay that for mixing 

 and manipulating them. Stable man- 

 ures <l> double or triple duty ; they not 

 only su])i)ly plant food, but have a 

 chemical or mechanical action that 

 brings out the fertilizing qualities 

 in the soil, and this should be taken 

 into account. (Commercial fertilizers 

 leave the soil in a sodden condition. 



In regard tothcai)|)]ication of manure, 

 Mr. Ware said that the time had gone 

 by when farmers need fear loss hy evap- 

 oration at whatever time manures are 

 spread, and if the land is in condition 

 they may be a])plied at any time. Green 

 manure, harrowed in in the fall, will be 

 plant food in the spring, very niuch as 



