224 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST. 



July till late in the fall ; the 3oil pretty 

 heavy and only moderately rich. I 

 trenched it two feet deep and made it 

 very rich last fall, and expect much 

 better results than I have had. I have 

 also added about fifty new varieties to 

 my collection, most of which are doing 

 finely so far, and of which I hope to 

 give you an account later on. Mean- 

 time let me say to intending rose- 

 growers, make your soil deep (2 feet), 

 and rich (one-half well rotted manui'e), 

 and di-ain perfectly if at all inclined to 

 be wet ; mulch well with manure every 

 fall ; keep the surface of the soil loose 

 at all times, and with such roses as I 

 have named above you will have a fine 

 show. Rose. 



FALL TRANSPLANTING. 

 The question is often asked of gar- 

 deners, nui'seiymen and others, which 

 is the better season for transplanting 

 trees, fall or spring ? And taking into 

 consideration tl]e treatment which trees 

 u.sually receive at the hands of those 

 who plant them, or for wliom they are 

 planted, when asked that question we 

 have usually replied that in our Can- 

 adian climate the spring is the better 

 season for transplanting. Yet if our 

 planters could be induced to take a 

 little more pains in this matter of 

 transplanting, and properly care for 

 their trees in aiitumn, so that they 

 would pass the winter without exposure 

 to tierce frost-laden winds, the trees 

 that are taken up in the fall and thus 

 cared for would be more sure to grow, 

 and to make a more vigorous growth 

 than those that are just taken up in 

 tlie spring. True, strictly speaking, 

 this is not what is usually understood 

 by transplanting. In our climate it is 

 an impossibility to plant trees in an 

 orchard or lawn where they are per- 

 manently to remain without the risk of 

 their being exposed to the sweep of 

 frosty winds, hence in order to protect 



them from this exposure it is necessary 

 to plant them out temporarily in some 

 place where they will be or can be thus 

 sheltered. 



The objection that is urged against 

 this proceeding is the extra trouble in- 

 volved. Yes, there is some trouble, 

 perhaps more trouble than in spring 

 planting, but what if the gain be full 

 compensation for the trouble ; we never 

 achieve great success in any undertak- 

 ing without proportionate painstaking. 

 And, after all, the amount of extra 

 labor in caring for the trees in the fall 

 is not so very great. We select some 

 place that is well drained, and also 

 sheltered from the prevailing winter 

 winds by buildings, or evergreen trees, 

 or the conformation of the ground. 

 Here we plant our trees, say a hundred 

 in number, as thickly as they can stand 

 without interlacing of the roots, and as 

 deep in the soil as can be without get- 

 ting below the summer-warmed earth, 

 and are as careful to have the soil in 

 contact with the roots, and every inter- 

 stice filled as if the trees were to 

 remain there forever. Here the roots 

 that have been cut in taking up the 

 trees will callous ; and when the weather 

 and ground have become settled in the 

 spring, and we are i-eady to set the 

 trees in their permanent positions, we 

 take them up, a few at a time, and 

 plant them where they will be ready to 

 push into growth when the first warm 

 weather starts the swelling buds. 



If, on the other hand, the planter 

 waits to have his trees arrive in the 

 spring, it may be that when the soil 

 and weather in his locality are just 

 suited for the operation of planting, the 

 nurseryman from whom he is to receive 

 them is barely able to get a spade into 

 the ground and to commence taking up 

 his trees ; after which they must be 

 packed, transported to destination, and 

 when received be heeled-in in order to 

 keep them from diying and dying. 



