112 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



May, 1910 



have recommended for cheaper construc- 

 tion, such as we are considering, a com- 

 bination as follows : 



First, a four-inch layer of concrete, 



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Fi( 2, Sectioa of Wall at Ceiliat of Batement 



1, Siding. 2. Damp-proof paper. 3, Matched 

 lumber. 4, Ten-inch space filled with shavings. 

 6, Joist. 6, Ten-inch concrete wall. 7, One-inch 

 air space. 8, Matched lumber. 9, Six-inch space 

 filled with shavings. 10, Damp-proof paper. 



then eight inches of clean, dry coal cin- 

 ders, well rolled or rammed, a layer of 

 tar paper and a finishing surface of two 

 inches of concrete. A course of hollow 

 brick (square tile) can be substituted for 

 about one-half the depth of cinders. The 

 tar paper is put over the cinders to pre- 

 vent the wet concrete from filling the air 

 spaces in the cinders. This combination 

 will be improved by coating the first lay- 

 er of concrete with roofing pitch to keep 

 the earth moisture from the cinders. It 

 is the cinders which provide the insula- 

 tion. Concrete is a poor insulator. Fig. 

 3 gives a detail of such a floor. 



Fif. 3, Section of Floor 



As for the arrangement of the rooms, 

 much will depend on circumstances. In 

 most cases, the ba.sement would be as 

 well in one room or two at the most. For 

 the ground floor, which would be used for 



cooling small lots during the active ship- 

 ping season, the division as shown in 

 Fig. 4 is only a suggestion. 



A building such as I have described 

 should be erected and equipped with re- 

 frigerating machinery at a cost, exclusive 



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Storngff 



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EnglTM 

 Roon. 



Bailaay track 



Fi|. 4, ArraDfcni'nt for Groaad Floor 



of site, of from $1.50 to $2.00 per bar- 

 rel of capacity on a total of $12,000 to 

 $15,000. 



I shall not dwell any longer on this 

 point, because I intend to have detailed 

 working plans and specifications made 

 and blue prints of these will be sent to 

 anyone who applies to me for them. 



Okanagan Valley Orcharding 



"Ceraiot, " Kelowoa, B. C. 



Young orchards may be seen on 

 "bench" land along the Okanagan val- 

 ley, on which irrigation has not yet 

 been laid. Annual rain and snow may 

 not equal over ten to twelve inches pre- 

 cipitation ; yet, on fair soil, if the cul- 

 tivation is what is there termed thor- 

 ough, fruit trees (until they have crops 

 of fruit to mature) may be found flour- 

 ishing. 



It would pay those in the more 

 humid eastern sections who growl about 

 an occasional dry spell, to observe the 

 plowing to catch the fall and spring 

 rains and snow water, and the tireless 

 discing and harrowing during the grow- 

 ing seasoned as practiced here. While 

 literally months of clear-skyed, long, 

 hot, dry days roll by, model Okanagan 

 orchards are at all times run without 

 excessive irrigation and are weedless. 



Italian Prune and Pond's Seedling 

 plums have proved themselves hardy and 

 highly profitable in some districts of 

 British Columbia. Pond's, with its rare 

 violet red color and British Columbia 

 size, proves particularly attractive. Ital- 

 ian Prune and many other plums are 

 much in favor on pench stocks, more so 

 than in the east. Brown-rot (Monilia), 

 in some parts unknown, is in general 

 easily controlled in the comparatively 

 dry atmosphere of the big fruit valleys. 



What a pity more encouragement to 

 box packing could not be given! Old 

 price for well packed boxes is so little 

 above the price of the same quantities 

 when put in barrels that few undertake 

 the former style of packing.— R. J. Mes- 

 senger, Bridgetown, N. S. 



Planting Raspberries 



Chat. F. Sprott, Baniabj' Lake, B. C. 

 To make the cultivation of the rasp- 

 berry a profitable occupation, the fruit 

 grower who is intending to grow this 

 fruit for the market should be careful 

 that the land he intends planting on is a 

 deep, rich, moisture retaining soil. Land 

 that will grow good crops of potatoes or 

 corn will grow a profitable crop of rasp- 

 berries. It is essential, also, that the 

 land be thoroughly under-drained. The 

 land should be plowed in the fall at least 

 eight inches deep and well worked in the 

 spring before planting is done. It should 

 be fine and pliable. 



When the land is in this stage it should 

 be marked out — the rows IxMng north 

 and south, if possible, as the crops ripen 

 easier. A good way to mark it out is to 

 stretch a line across the field and with a 

 marker lay off the field with rows six feet 

 apart. 



The marker can be made with a two 

 by six-inch scantling having two pieces 

 one by four nailed on at right angles on 

 the flat side of the .scantling, the points 

 being six feet apart. .Alongside these 

 pieces, nail on two one by four by six 

 feet on the edge of the two by six scant- 

 ling with a cross piece nailed to them to 

 draw by and brace these two pieces of 

 one by four by six from the other side 

 of the two by six scantling. 



Pull the marker carefully up the line 

 and return down, having the point in the 

 last made line. Great care must be tak- 

 en to keep these rows perfectly straight. 

 Then plow up these rows, having the land 

 side of the plow on this mark, and plow 

 about five inches deep. When this is 

 done, planting can commence, the plants 

 being placed in the furrow thirty inches 

 apart. The roots should be spread out 

 and a little fine soil pulled into the fur- 

 row and pressed firmly around them. 

 When all the planting is done, the re- 

 maining earth can be more quickly put 

 into the furrow with a prong hoe, firming 

 it around each plant. 



The grower should be very careful to 

 plant only strong, healthy suckers of 

 those varieties which grow successfully 

 in his neighborhood. To a large extent 

 the success of the plantation depends on 

 the quality of the plants that are planned. 

 These should be cut down just above the 

 ground the first season to stop them 

 from fruiting, but just high enough to 

 a'low the man cultivating them to see 

 them. The cultivator must be kept go- 

 ing through this patch to keep weeds 

 from growing and to conserve moisture. 

 It is quite posible to grow some other 

 crop in the centre of the six-foot rows 

 and yet be able to cultivate, and it will 

 help pay for the work of cultivating the 

 raspberries which bring nothing in that 

 year. Potatoes, turnips or carrots will 

 do well on good land, and the raspberries 

 should make good growth. 



