i6o 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



July, 1910 



Before Pruning, No. 1 



A tree in Mr. Colin Campbell's orchard, Georgian 

 Bay District, before pruning. 



benefit of the work. The Department 

 is keeping an account of all labor and 

 expenditures. The ultimate results will 

 be compared with those obtained in pa.st 

 years in order to demonstrate the profit 

 that may be gained by giving care to 

 these orchards. 



GREAT RESULTS ALREADY 



These six demonstration orchards were 

 inspected by a representative of The 

 Canadian Horticulturist during the 

 second week in June. The transforma- 

 tions that have been worked already are 

 remarkable. They have aroused the 

 interest of the entire section. The 

 orchards which before their introduction 

 to the pruning tools and cultivating im- 

 plements were equal to the worst, have 

 taken on an appearance common to the 

 best, and their owners are delighted be- 

 yond measure at the prospects now be- 

 fore them. 



PRACTICAL MAN IN CHARGE 



The practical part of the work is in 

 diarge of Mr W. F. Kidd, of Simcoe. 

 Distinct credit is due Mr Kidd for the 

 thorough manner in which the work has 

 been accomplished. The orchards are 

 located on main roads. Large signs 

 draw the attention of passers-by to the 

 work that is being done. This has helped 

 to create the great interest already ap- 

 parent on the part of other orchardists. 



CARE GIVEN THE TREES 



Three sprayings in all will be given 

 for the season . With the exception of 

 one of the orchards, where part of the 

 trees are being sprayed with Bordeaux, 

 commercial lime-sulphur, diluted one to 

 forty, and arsenate of lead, three pounds 

 to the barrel, is the spray mixture used. 

 The spray outfit is of an ordinary kind, 

 the waggon and tower having been fitted 

 lip by one of the owners of the orchards. 



It is such as any farmer mi ;,'hl make for 

 himself. In each of the orchards, deiron- 

 str;itions in spraying and in pruning ha\ e 

 been given. Farmers ntlcndcd in large 

 numbers. 



The influence of the dcnionstration 

 work is having effect. F'armers have 

 conmicnced to prune their trees, and to 

 plow and cultivate their orchards. Mr 

 Kidd will remain in the district through- 

 out the summer, going from farm to lann, 

 talking over orchard matters and show- 

 ing those farmers who wi.sh to learn by 

 actual demonstration how to prune and 

 care for their orchards so that they may 

 return greater profits. 



An extension of this line of work to 

 other similar sections throughout thel 

 province is needed. The Ontario Fruit 

 Growers' Association, the Department 

 of Agriculture and local organizations 

 should co-operate to that end. 



After Priming, No. 2 



The same tree in Mr. Campbell's orchard after 

 pruning. 



Peach Lea{ Curl 



I enclose you leaves taken from my peach 

 tree. The.v are curled up and present a 

 mcst horrid appearance. This is the second 

 or third year they have been affected in this 

 manner. Can you give me an.v good solu- 

 tion that may be used as a spray to remedy 

 this evil.'— H. F. L., Brantford. 



The peach leaves are attacked by a 

 very common disease of the peach : the 

 peach leaf curl. This is very prevalent 

 and very severe in all peach growing dis- 

 tricts this year. Trees badly affected 

 for several years in succession are often 

 so greatly weakened that they will die. 

 The disease can be kept under control by 

 spraying with either Bordeaux mixture 

 or lime-sulphur before the buds hegm to 

 burst in the spring of the year. If this 

 spraying is put off until the buds have 

 started to burst or are well swollen 

 very often it fails to give satisfactory 

 results. One spraying is sufficient. — L. 

 Caesar, O. A. C. , Cuelph, Ont. 



Banding Apple Trees 



Grut S. P»rt, Barii*|tOD, Oat. 



In apple sections infested with the cod- 

 ling moth, the time has come to supple- 

 ment .spraying. No matter how thor- 

 oughly the spraying may be done tnere 

 are always some moths left. 



In .-iddition to spraying, we have used 

 bands for many years with excellent re- 

 sults. Our experience indicates that 

 burlap sacking, of which bran sacks are 

 made, is the only material fit to use, be- 

 cau.se the worms will not enter bands 

 made of dyed cloths. We aim to make 

 the bands long enough to go around the 

 trunk of the tree. They are placed any- 

 where from three to four feet above the 

 ground, so that any hogs running in the 

 orchard are unable to reach and destrov 

 them. The bands should be made from 

 eight to ten inches in width, and folded 

 once so as to have a double thickness. 

 When placed on the tree they should lie 

 stretched reasonably tight so that they 

 will not sag with rain. One nail is suf- 

 ficient for each band. 



The larvw go into and under the bands 

 and sometimes transform into the adult 

 moth in less than a week, according to 

 the weather conditions. Thus, the bands 

 should be examined at least once a week. 

 To do this we find that the handiest 

 tools to use are a light house hammer or 

 a pair of pinchers. 



When removing the band, take one 

 end in the left hand and strip it from the 

 tree carefully, otherwise some of the 

 worms will drop to the ground and es- 

 cape. Before replacing, it, the band 

 should be thoroughly examined, inside 

 and out, so that every worm is detected 

 and crushed. 



By working systematically, a man can 

 do about 200 trees a day quite easily. 



The bands placed on the trees during 

 late spring and early summer, should be 

 examined for the first time not later than 

 the middle of July, and not taken otT the 

 trees for the winter before the apple crop 

 is harvested. 



Tke Simple Sprayiag Outfit Used 



The implements used in the demonstration 

 work were of an inexpensive nature. Already 

 farmers have bought and fitted up several spray- 

 ing outfits like this for use in the section. 



