The Canadian Horticiiltnnst. 



77 



G, one by two inches, ei^ht inches 

 long, fastened on A with thinnl) 

 screw D. No. 2 is a piece one 1)\ 

 two inches, six feet long. B, block 

 two inches sijuare made to slide up 

 or down as is necessary — fastenetl 

 with thumb screw C. Dig ditch 

 deep as desirable at outlet. Set No. 

 I so that arm G extends over ditch. 

 Then take a pole and set up in ditch 

 and slide B down or up on No. i till 

 it comes even with top of pole. Next 

 take No. 2 and stick it into the 

 ground several rods back in the op- 

 posite direction that the ditch is to 

 run from No. i, in line wath ditch. 

 Now take pole and go ahead about 

 six rods on the line of the ditch, and 



sight from three feet on pole back 

 over No. i to No, 2 beyond, and 

 slide B on No. 2 up or down as is 

 required till you have it in range. 

 Commence to dig at No. i, and set 

 pole in the ditch every foot or two to 

 see whether the top of pole comes in 

 range with target on No. i and No. 

 2 ; when you have dug back to where 

 the pole was sighted from, proceed 

 as before. No. i can be leveled with 

 pocket level if ground is laid off by a 

 civil engineer. Set targets with grade 

 stakes. There are a great many tile 

 laid uneven in grade, which soon 

 fills with mud, the users get dis- 

 couraged and blame the tile, saying 

 it don't pay. 



SUCCESS WITH SMALL FRUITS. 



Bv E. MoRDEN, Niagara Falls South, Ont. 



PROFITABLE results from small 

 fruit culture depend upon sev- 

 eral conditions : 



1. A soil iintttrally f^ood. To make 

 a good soil of a very poor sand or a 

 hard clay is, perhaps, possible, but 

 it is rarely profitable. No one soil 

 suits all fruits. Many fruits can only 

 be grown with profit upon soils spec- 

 ially adapted to them. A good 

 dry, sandy loam will grow many of 

 them. A clay loam will grow others 

 to better advantage. 



2. A manure supply tcitliiii con- 

 venient reach. 



3. Nearness to a <^oo(l sliippini^r 

 station. 



4. Nearness to a local nnirkct. 

 Sometimes the local market will take 

 the crop and make shipments of fruit 

 unnecessarv. Sometimes all the fruit 

 may be profitably shipped. Com- 

 monly we need both methods. 



5. .-I selection of the best market 



varieties. This is of vital importance. 

 The beginner who relies upon cata- 

 logues will probably buy very expen- 

 sive and mostly worthless varieties. 

 Visit the grounds of experienced 

 market growers and see what they 

 are planting this year. No other 

 plan compares with this for safety. 



In the absence of such opportunity 

 write to or talk to an honest market 

 grower, who does not make secrets 

 of his knowledge. Buy your plants 

 directly from reliable parties. 



6. Some kno7i'ledge of practical field 

 work, and of the necessary business 

 management. City men seldom suc- 

 ceed. A good practical farmer with 

 study niaj' succeed. 



7. The right kind of a man. In 

 addition to practical knowledge of 

 field work and business uiethods he 

 must have persistent pluck to fight 

 the weeds for seven months in the 

 year for a series of vears. He nmst 



