The Canadian Horticulturist. 



20; 



and will be fouiKl most effective, and 

 quite harmless to the tree. 



We have not had very much suc- 

 cess with wasliing-soda and water, 

 nor even with caustic soda and 

 water. The latter was applied so 

 strong that it burned the bark and 

 leaves, and yet we find the insects 

 still abundant on those very trees. 



further through the intricate rami- 

 fications of these galleries." 



Frosted Grape Vines. 



55. Gkai'Ks are all p,iM\v licif. What do you 

 adviso in the matter? Leave old canes to 

 tlirow out fretih shoots or cut them back for 

 fresh canes from the root? — A Godkuich Cok- 

 HE8PONDENT. 



The wholesale destruction of the 

 young grape wood by frost such as 

 has happened this year to vineyards 

 in many parts of the country is so 

 unusual that we cannot speak from 

 experience. In our opinion the best 

 plan is to wait until the new growth 

 starts, when it will be plain how 

 much of the vine is destroyed. 



Ants in Doopyards. 



Sec Question 50. 



5(>. A writer in Orchard and Garden recom- 

 mends bisulphide of carbon as a reliable remedy, 

 and gives the following- method of application 

 as very successful : 



" A large horse blanket was satu- 

 rated with water and placed over as 

 much of the nest as it would cover, a 

 tablespoonful of the bisulphide hav- 

 ing first been poured into each of 

 some 20 holes. The blanket was 

 allowed to remain for about 15 

 minutes and was then removed. A 

 long-handled torch was then made 

 with a rag saturated with kerosene 

 tied at the end of a broom, which 

 was ignited and the vapor at the 

 mouth of several of the orifices was 

 exploded. For the next fifteen 

 minutes successive pops were noticed 

 at the mouths of many of the orifices, 

 at many in fact in which the sub- 

 stance had not been poured, showing 

 that the vapour had thoroughh' per- 

 meated through the subterranean 

 galleries of the nest. The object of 

 exploding the vapour was to drive it 



The Kniffen System of Grape 

 Pruning. 



57. Plkask pive a short account of the Kniffen 

 system of prape training. This system is re- 

 ferred to in the report of this year, but from 

 some cause, | erhaps the want of a <iiagram, it 

 is not to be easily understood. Whether one 

 or two arms at two and a half feet and at five 

 feet are to be grown does not clearly appear. — 

 T. Allan, London, Ont. 



The Kniffen system is a simple one, 

 and requires less lal)or than the Ful- 



F'g. 54- 



ler system of grape pruning, because 

 the young bearing slioots hang down 



I- It;. 55- 



and do not require much tying. But 

 it is not adapted to places where 

 vines need laying down in the winter, 



