THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST. 



85 



are paying taxes but receiving no con-e- 

 sponding income. But on many pieces 

 of barren plain land too poor to grow 

 crops, but on which trees can be grown 

 and cultivated, tree-growing can be 

 made more profitable if carried on sys- 

 tematically. The land should be thor- 

 oughly ploughed, the trees planted four 

 feet apart each way, the cultivator run 

 about four times a yeai* until the trees 

 shade the ground sufficiently to keep 

 the weeds down. Wherever plantings 

 are made the trees should be thinned 

 often enough to allow their full develop- 

 ment. 



In all parts of New England, by 

 taking away or planting the trees in- 

 digenous to the several sections, great 

 changes are made in the landscape. 

 This change is in the hands of land- 

 owners, and all should have an eye to 

 effect some improvement in their day. 



little is said about aid from Gov- 

 ernment to renew the forest growth, 

 although it is a giant task, but there is 

 talk and even delay in tree-planting, 

 in hope of aid and bounties or reduc- 

 tion of taxes to encourage it, also hesi- 

 tation about what trees to plant. We 

 say what grows well and sells well is 

 safe to plant more of. 



The most successful and praiseworthy 

 of street, shelter-belt or forest planting 

 that have been made, and, 1 might say, 

 ever will be made, were by inclividual 

 effort and purj)Ose, and single-handed 

 labor of one man here and there often 

 in a veiy obscure way. 



This work is greatly to be praised, 

 and if any outside encouragement can 

 assist to plant a few thousand acres 

 with millions of trees each year, it will 

 help to make more extended plantings 

 appear easier to accomplish. 



THE PHYLLOXERA IN FRANCE. 

 The Phylloxera is making serious 

 kavock with the vineyards in Fi*ance. 



The Vi(}ne Francaise {French vine) 

 announces that the year 1882 will be 

 remarkable for the increase of the 

 ravages of phylloxera. The scourge 

 has destroyed from 50,000 to 60,000 

 hectares of French vineyard every year, 

 but this year the average will be sur- 

 passed. From all parts are signalized 

 new spots of the disease, and in the 

 vineyards already affected, but not pro- 

 perly attended to, the plague is spread- 

 ing rapidly. In the departments of 

 Gironde, Haute Garonne, Tarn, Oude, 

 Oriental Pyrennees, and in the vine- 

 yards left in Herault, people are more 

 than before alarmed by the progress of 

 the ten-ible inf-ect. 



Indeed, such is the discouragement 

 among vineyardists and wine makers, 

 that they are turning their attention to 

 the manufacture of wine from beets. It 

 is said that the red sugar beet produces 

 by fermentation an excellent wine, and 

 it is seriously ])roposed to abandon the 

 cultivation of the vine altogether. 



M. Auguste Deleuil, argriculturist, 

 member of the Agricultural Society of 

 France, &c., writes to the Field: — 

 " Everyone has heard of the great losses 

 our national agriculture has sustain- 

 ed during the last twenty years from 

 the ravages of the phylloxera ; move 

 than half of the French vines have 

 already disappeared, and none can fore- 

 tell the extent of the devastation to 

 come. Vainly have all kinds of reme- 

 dies been tried, but without success. 

 In s])ite of the thousjind and one recipes 

 employed in turn to coml)at and to de- 

 stroy it, the phylloxera continues to 

 ravage at will our splendid and luxuri- 

 ant vineyards. In the face of such a 

 disaster, an energetic agriculturist, 

 whose labors have already received th« 

 sanction and encouragement of our 

 learned societies, after many fruitless 

 efforts to remove the evil, has succeed- 

 ed, not in destroying the effects of the 

 phylloxei'a, but in bringing forward an- 



