^6 



THE CANADIAN nuRTIOULTUKIST. 



Florence, Martha, Duchess, Wealthy, 

 Tetofsky, Transcendent, Hyslop and 

 different members of the Russian Anis 

 family. Of the yellow Anis grown in 

 Minnesota, he says : * It is a medium- 

 sized apple of pretty good quality, some- 

 what red in color, and though hard and 

 crude when I saw it, does not keep 

 later than the beginning of October. 

 Red Anis No. 985 is much like it, pos- 

 sibly a little more red, and much like 

 Skeischapfel No. 413 of Mr. Under- 

 wood ; scarcely the true Anis Rosovo 

 of the Vol^a, but a near relative.' Mr. 

 Peffer, of Pewaukee, Wis., sugsjested 

 to him for trial in the rich soil of Mani- 

 t<:)ba, the slow growers like Tetofsky, 

 Gihh. Duchess and Cherry crab, and 

 also Transcendent. These he suggested 

 from what he knew of them farther 

 north. Gibb crab, he says, is doing 

 well so far as Crookston." 



Tiiere is one thing to be remembered 

 concerning the Hyslop and Transcen 

 dent crabs, and all of that race, that 

 tliey are much more subject to the dis- 

 ejise known as "blight" than the 

 Duchess, Wealthy, Martha and other 

 apples of the same type. It is very 

 discouraging to have a fine orchard of 

 crab apple trees, just coming into bear- 

 ing, ruined by that mysterious but 

 fatal blight. In addition to the varie- 

 ties named above we would suggest that 

 ti'ial be made of Wolf River, a very 

 lai-ge, bright, red apple, ripe early in 

 winter ; Wau{)aoa, large, yellow, over- 

 spread with red, ripe in November ; 

 and Weyauwega, which is yellow, j 

 splashed with deep red and a good i 

 keeper. These all originated in Nor- | 

 thern Wisconsin and are reported to be ! 

 very hardy. Scott's Winter is also a 

 very hardy apple and keeps well into 

 July, which should thrive well in 

 Muskoka ; and will ])robably do well 

 in Manitoba if planted on ground hav- 

 ing a gravelly sub-soil. It is very 

 doubtful whether any apple tree will 



thrive planted over the cold tenacious 

 clay sub-soil that prevails at Winnipeg. 

 However, experiment will decide this 

 question, nothing else can satisfactorily. 



THE CURL IN THE PEACH LEAF. 



Professor Penhallow writes to the 

 Country Gentleman that the curl in the 

 peach leaf is caused by the growth of a 

 fungus known as Exoascus deformans 

 Freckel [Ascomyces deformans Berk, 

 Taphrina deformans Tul.) During its 

 growth it not only causes the leaves to 

 curl, but to lose their green color and 

 become more or less red and yellow, and 

 we see from this, therefore, that such 

 leaves are incapable of performing their 

 normal functions in the assimilative pro- 

 cesses of the plant. The necessary re- 

 sult of this is, that there is a very limit- 

 ed formation of wood while such leaves 

 remain on the tre(i. For this period, 

 therefore, it must be admitted that the 

 curl does exert a positively injurious in- 

 fluence. It is found, however, that 

 these leaves fall off during the month of 

 June, and a new set of leaves free from 

 curl appears. Upon these, then, the 

 entire growth of the season depends, 

 and because, unless otherwise diseased, 

 the tree then very frequently makes a 

 tine growth, fruit-growers generally be- 

 lieve that the curl is of no importance, 

 and that it does not injure the tree at 

 all. 



Such views are manifestly erroneous, 

 and it would be much better for the 

 peach industry if our fruit men would 

 a{)ply remedijtl measures as soon as the 

 curl is manifested. According to my 

 own observations, each year more fully 

 contirms me in the belief that the ]ii*e- 

 sence of curl is indicative of low vitality 

 in the peach tree, and that the yellows 

 will be quite apt to follow shortly. I 

 trust these lines may have the effect to 

 stay the progress of erroneous ideas 

 which seem to be gaining altogether too 

 rapidly. 



