300 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



December, 1912. 



Basic 

 Slag 



(Sometimes known as 

 Thomas Phosphate Powder) 



The 



Great 



Fertilizer 



for all crops 



Now being produced in 

 Canada by 



The Cross 

 Fertilizer Co., Ltd. 



• Sydney, Nova Scotia 



The fruit growers of 

 the Annapolis Valley 

 are using thousands 

 of tons every year 

 with the best results. 

 What is good for the 

 Annapolis Valley will 

 be good for Ontario. 



Purchasing Dealers Wanted 

 Everywhere 



Descriptive pamphlets, prices 

 and all information from our 

 Travelling Salesman for 

 Ontario, 



Alexander E. Wark 



WANSTEAD, ONT. 



types of soil and two thousand two hundred 

 and ninctern trees. The trees ran^-ed from 

 ten to forty years of age ajnd have produt- 

 I'd one million seven hundred thousand 

 barrels of fruit' since the work started. In 

 this work Dr. Stewart has secured as higli 

 as one thousand seven hundred per cent, of 

 an increase throui^h fertilization and net 

 profits as ff^eat as four hundred and twenty 

 dollars an acre in a sin^^le season. In the 

 absence of nitrogen, phosphate and potash 

 have not been profitable ; nitrogen has a 

 R-reater influence im increasing yield than 

 any other element ; the best growing plots 

 have been the best fruit plots ; in some 

 orchards some fertilizers give good results, 

 there are no results whatever in others ; 

 the only way to know definitely how to fer- 

 tilize an orchard is to conduct small plot 

 experiments in each orchard. 



TROUBLES OF THE GROWER 



The new Provincial Entomologist. L. 

 Caesinr, B.S.iA., of Guelph, dealt with 

 "Common Insect Pests and Fungus Dis- 

 eases." As a remedy for the Oyster Shell 

 Bark Louse. Mr. Caesar advised the scrap- 

 ing of the trunks and efficient pruning of 

 the. top to ensure thorough spraying iin the 

 spring. Lime-sulphur (1-7) was recom- 

 mended as a spray mixture, this spray, of 

 course, to be applied when the tree is dor- 

 mant. The apple aphid, Mr. Caesar de- 

 scribed as one of the worst pests in the 

 orchard due to its enormous powers of re- 

 production. Natural ememies usually hold 

 them in check, but in cold, wet seasons 

 they thrive. The speaker had found that 

 the addition of one half a pound of "Aqua 

 Forty" to a barrel of lime-sulphur spray 

 mixture had proved efficient. It should be 

 applied as soon as the aphids are discover- 

 ed ns once they get started reproducing it 

 is difficult to check them. 



The Plum Circulio and other pests may 

 be got rid of by clearing away rubbish, 

 cultivating moderately deep and spraying 

 as for Codling Moth. With cherries and 

 plums spray as the fruit is setting. In 

 fighting the Codling Moth. Mr. Caesar 

 laid special emphasis on the time of spray- 

 ing, which is just after the petals have 

 fallen and before the calyx has closed. Th" 

 addition of two pounds of arsenate of lead 

 to the liTie-sulphur mixture (1-40) has been 

 found efficiemt. 



Apple .'^'•ab, which has been especially 

 serious this season, starts to develop just 

 as the blossoms open and makes rapid 

 growth until the fruit is well set. After 

 that the p-rowth is slow. The second spray- 

 ing with lime-sulphur just before the blos- 

 soms burst is the effective application. 

 Another sprayiinff should be given just after 

 the blossoms fall. To be effective these 

 sprayings must be very thorough. This 

 last year, there was a second attack of 

 apple scab in August. An application of 

 lime-sulphur about August 15th was found 

 to check the disease. 



Black Rot Canker, the disease that causes 

 dead areas on large branches, is usually due 

 to planting varieties too tender for the 

 climate, and it may generally be prevented 

 bv selecting hardy varieties. If the or- 

 chard is alreadv established. Mr. Caesar 

 recommended cleaning the bark off the 

 dead areas, washing with lime sulphur or 

 bluestone and then paintin"' with white 

 lead. On the smaller branches bark on 

 dead areas might be removed with a hoe 

 and covered with coal tar. Careful spray- 

 i"o- and cultivation also tend to check the 

 disease. 



Inkv Spot, another disease serious this 

 season, may be checked by spraying with 

 lime-sulphur the first of August. A spruce 

 (Continued on page x.) 



FLOWER POTS 



Hanging Baskets, Ferns Pans, Etc. 





We have a lar^e itock of 

 all size8 on hand, and can 

 ^hip orders without delay. 



Order Now Before the Rub 



Our pots are Hmooth and 

 well burnt. We have our re- 

 putation to keep up. 



Send for Calalogge t Price Lid 



The Foster Pottery Company, Ltd. 

 Main St., West - Hamilton 



^HtBESTMAOt 



fOSTEPS 



Standard 



POT 



For Your Pruning 



Orchard King Pruning Knife \ 



Having double acting com- 1^ 

 pound lever, it cuts a two 

 inch limb easily. 



Detroit Pruning Knife 



Made with a pump gun ac- 

 tion makes its work easy and 

 fast 



Ask your dealer to «how you the 

 ORCHARD KING KANSAS IM- 

 PROVED HAPPY THOUGHT 

 sad DETROIT PRUNING KNIVES. 

 If not in stock, write for descriptive 

 circulars and prices- INVESTI- 

 GATE, as nothinK will substitute to 

 your good. 





International Tool Co. 



173 Brooklyn Avenue 



Detroit, Mich. 



Of all the gifts that fit the 

 Christmas day — none so time- 

 ly as the one that provides 

 the means for a picture story 

 of that day — 



A KODAK 



Ask your dealer or write us for cata- 

 log-ue of Kodak and Browie Cameras. 

 It's free. 



Canadian Kodak Co., Limited 



TORONTO 



