Dec. 15, 1904. 



THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL. 



837 



John Day Putnam, father of W. H. Putnam, of Pierce 

 Co., Wis., died in Los Angeles Co., Calif., Nov. 20, 1904. 

 Coming from Connecticut, he settled in Wisconsin in 1859, 

 but removed to California on account of ill health in 1891. 

 Mr. Putnam was a prominent citizen, having been a soldier 

 in the Civil War, and holding many important public offices 

 during his life. His wife and seven out of nine children 

 remain to mourn the departure of a husband and father 

 beloved. 



Miss Jessie E. Marks, eldest daughter of Mr. W. F. 

 Marks, of New York, the chairman of the Board of Direct- 

 ors of the National Bee-Keepers' Association, has recently 

 been appointed to a clerkship in the Division of Apiculture, 

 Bureau of Entomology, United States Department of Agri- 

 culture, Washington, D. C. Miss Marks has been her 

 father's helper and clerk for several years, and in the recent 

 Civil Service examination, to fill the newly created posi- 

 tion of " Apicultural Clerk ", she secured the highest gen- 

 eral average. Miss Marks is certainly gaining high marks 

 in her career, and all will rejoice to know that real merit 

 has won in her case. 



The Minnesota State Convention, held in Minneapo- 

 lis last week, was well attended. It was also a profitable 

 meeting. There were present from a distance, Ernest R. 

 Root, Emerson T. Abbott, and the Editor of the American 

 Bee Journal. Officers wers elected as follows, nearly all 

 being re-elections : 



President, Dr. E. Q. Jacques ; 1st vice-president, Scott 

 L,a Mont ; 2d vice-president, J. A. Holmberg ; 3d vice-presi- 

 dent, J. P. Doll ; secretary, Mrs. W. S. Wingate ; and treas- 

 urer. Dr. E. D. Leonard. Executive committee, H. G. 

 Acklin, Wm. Russell, and J. Kimball. 



General Manager France has been traveling around 

 a good deal lately, as will be noticed by the following, un- 

 der date of Dec. 8 : 



I have been in seven States of late, and from letters 

 from others I learn the drouth is prospecting a light clover 

 honey crop for 1905. 



The Pennsylvania State convention was a good one, 

 several States being represented. 



National members having choice honey should get a 

 fair price for it, or hold it if able. N. E. France. 



Afie of Larvae Bees Selected for Queen-Rearing. 



lO. — («) When a colony is made queenlem, and the bees have eggs 

 and larvce of all ages, please say what you believe will be the age of larva: 

 selected by them for queen-rearing. 



(b) On what do yoxi base your belief? 



S. T. Pettit (Ont.)— a. I don't know. 



Jas. a. Stone (111.) — a. I am not prepared to say. 



Prof. A. J. Cook (Calif.)— a. It varies, b. Direct ex- 

 periment. 



G. M. DooLiTTLE (N. Y.)— a. From 36 to 60 hours old. b. 

 Practical experience. 



C. Davenport (Minn.) — I do not know enough about 

 this matter to express an opinion. 



Eugene Secor (Iowa)— a. I think they will choose the 

 larva that will soonest make a queen. 



Dr. C. C. Mili<HR (111.)— a. About 2 days old. b. On 

 actual observation in hundreds of cases. 



J. M. Hambaugh (Calif.)— a. From 3 to 4 days old. b. 

 By observation and established authority. 



C. P. DadanT (111.)— a. From 1 to 3 days, usually, 

 though sometimes older, b. On my eyes. 



R. L. Taylor (Mich.)— a. From 1 to 5 days. b. On my 

 own experience and Dr. Miller's experiment. 



E. D. TowNSEND (Mich.)— a. About 2 days ; a little less 

 rather than more. b. They usually hatch about the 11th 

 day. 



C. H. DiBBERN (111.) — a. Usually larvK of several days 

 from the e^g. b. More on hearsay than from actual obser- 

 vation. 



O. O. PopPLETON (Fla.) — a. This varies so much that I 

 don't believe there is any rule. Sometimes they seem to 

 select eggs. 



N. E. France (Wis.; — a. Much depends upon condi- 

 tions. Generally just-hatched egg is used, and will hatch 

 in 12 days. 



R. C. AiKiN (Colo.) — a. In full colonies in a honey -flow 

 they use very few over 4 iays from the laying of the egg, 



some S. b. My belief comes from experience in unqueening 

 hundreds — yes, thousands — of colonies, and finding that 

 rarely does the first queen emerge under 12 to 14 days. It 

 may be difi'erent with nuclei, and under less favorable con- 

 ditions. 



L. Stachelhausen (Tex.) — a. I did not experiment in 

 this respect as yet. b. My belief is based on experiments 

 of others, especially of Dr. C. C. Miller. 



Adrian Getaz (Tenn.)— a. I think 1 or 2 days. b. The 

 size of the larvs that I usually find in queen-cells that have 

 evidently been made during the preceding 2 or 3 days. 



E. S. LovESY (Utah) — a and b. From personal experi- 

 ence, and from the experience of others, I would say from 1 

 to 3 days, usually using eggs not more than from 1 to 2 days 

 old. 



P. H. Elwood (N. Y.) — a and b. Our queens, under the 

 above circumstances, hatch out in 10 days with ordinary 

 summer temperature. In other words, it is safe to wait 10 

 days to cut cells. 



Dr. J. P. H. Brown (Ga.) — a. They will usually select 

 larvae about a day old. They will, under certain conditions, 

 use younger larva; ; and will also use larvae 3 days old. b. 

 My belief is based on observations inside the hive, and these 

 observations embrace 30 years as a queen-breeder. 



Wm. Rohrig (Ariz.)— a. During the first 2 or 3 days 

 after the colony has been made queenless. I believe the 

 larva chosen will not be over 24 hours of age. b. On a 

 number of experiments where the age of the larva had been 

 determined as near as possible before given to the colony 

 made queenless. 



Rev. M. Mahin (Ind.)— a. The age selected is not uni- 

 form. Sometimes, not often, they will make a queen of 

 larva that has been out of the egg 3 days. But usually, I 

 think, they build queen-cells over just-hatched larva:, b. I 

 base my belief on observation of just-started queen-cells, 

 and on the time the young queens emerge after the colony 

 is made queenless. 



G. W. Demaree (Ky.)— a. There is absolutely no cer- 

 tainty as to the age of the larv;c that may be selected by a 

 queenless colony of bees to rear queens from. I have 

 known queenless bees to develop and " hatch out " in from 



