March, 1!113. 



Americae lee Journal 



queen in a clean hive containing empty 

 combs, or combs witli honey but no 

 brood, and the brood above an excluder, 

 removing the most affected combs. In 

 every case where the colony was strong 

 the combs were cleaned out and filled 

 with honey, the new brood below be- 

 ing healthy. In the weaker ones it 

 was necessary to repeat the treatment 

 and requeen with Carniolans. 



By way of experiment, one Ital- 

 ian colony, which had failed to re- 

 spond to the above treatment twice, 

 was requeened on Aug. 18 — nothing 

 being done but to remove the Italian 



Al'IARY OF KUGENE BAKER. DUARTE, CaL. 



and introduce the Carniolan imme- 

 diately. This colony was the only one 

 in the apiary having the disease at that 

 time. On Sept. 30 I examined it, and 

 to my surprise, every cell was clean, 

 the new brood being as fine as you 

 would wish to see. Why the old bees 

 should do for the Carniolan what they 



.\iMAKY IN Southern California Where 



Carniolan Bees are Preferred to 



Italians. 



failed to do for their own queen is be- 

 yond my comprehension. 



I am led to believe that European 

 foul brood is not carried in the honey, 

 from tlie fact that a stack of seven 10- 

 frame hives containing honey and dis- 

 eased brood taken from colonies for 

 rendering, was left uncovered by some 



careless visitor and robbed out, with 

 no bad results. 



The Carniolans are hustlers, non- 

 propolizers, gentle, and, handled in the 

 same manner, I have not found their 

 swarming propensity more developed 

 than in any other bees. I am very 

 much pleased with them so far, and in- 

 clined to adopt them exclusively. 



Mr. Blair found many of his Italian 

 colonies re-infected this spring, and 

 after satisfying himself that my Carnio- 

 lans came through perfectly healthy, 

 he requeened most of them with Car- 

 niolans, and he recently told me that 

 he thought all of his bees were free 

 from the disease, and that if he had re- 

 queened with Carniolans instead of 

 Italians last year, he would have had 

 more bees and more honey this year. 

 He has over 100 colonies. Two years 

 ago he had 216. 



Los Angeles, Calif. 



but rather a suggestion of the most 

 promising direction of the market for 

 honey, either kind of which any bee- 

 keeper can produce, as he may see the 

 demand and his locality may permit. 

 Lyndhurst, N. J. 



Some Observations Concerning 

 Comb vs. Extracted Honey 



BY B. KEEP. 



TfiE question of comb vs extracted 

 honey can never be decided in 

 favor of either to the exclusion 

 of the other, each has its proper 

 sphere, and always will have. But 

 comb honey, by reason of the form in 

 which it reaches the table (in a small 

 package), and the manner in which it 

 is eaten, stands as a luxury. Only a 

 very moderate quantity can be eaten by 

 each individual— a little suffices to sat- 

 isfy, and the cost is more or less sug- 

 gested by the gingerly small portions 

 served to each person. 



There is, on the contrary, an unlim- 

 ited field for extracted honey. It is 

 unnecessary to try to state all its pos- 

 sibilities. I am not discussing the pro- 

 duction of either form of honey; that 

 is a question for each producer to de- 

 cide for himself. 



The demand for comb honey being, 

 as outlined above, self-limited, it re- 

 mains for the honey men, both pro- 

 ducer and dealer, to educate the people 

 in the use and the possibilities of 

 liquid honey. When purchased in pint, 

 quart, half gallon and gallon quantities, 

 honey does not fall under the head of 

 luxuries, although it may not be con- 

 sidered a necessity. When purchased 

 in those quantities the cost of each 

 spoonful is not in evidence, and when 

 a person once becomes acquainted 

 with the many delicious combinations 

 possible in consuming it, there is but 

 little desire for wa.x with it. 



Comb honey will always have a de- 

 mand to be met, but from the nature 

 of things no great increase can be ex- 

 pected. Comb honey is a luxury. 

 Extracted (or liquid) honey is not a 

 luxury. Will it not then be advisable 

 to concentrate efforts to popularize 

 and increase the demand for honey 

 upon the cheaper, more plentiful, and 

 more convenient liquid honey? This 

 is not a reflection upon comb honey. 



Eight and Ten Frame Hives 



BY DR. C. C. MILLER. 



ON PAGE 16, there seems to be a 

 difference of opinion between J. 

 J. Wilder and ye editor. Each 

 is entirely right— from his point 

 of view. Editor Dadant says, 

 '■ Properly made hives should have the 

 same space, /<•>- fratnc, whether they 

 are 12-frame hives or 6-frame." Aye, 

 "should have;" but they don't have; 

 at least 8-frame hives and 10-frame 

 don't. And however clear that may 

 have been in Editor Dadant's mind, the 

 importance of the matter is sufficient 

 warrant to go into it a little more fully. 



The inside width of an 8-frame hive 

 is 12's inches. With frames spaced 1;;8 

 inches from center to center, 2*4 inches 

 must be added to the width to make it 

 accommodate two more frames. That 

 would make the width of a 10-frame 

 hive W/i inches. Instead of that, the 

 width of 10-frame hive is 14 V inches! 

 To put it in other words, to accommo- 

 date the two additional frames requir- 

 ing 2-'4 inches, only 2's inches are 

 added. A shortage of ?s of an inch. 



In an 8-frame hive, the 8 self-spacing 

 frames take 11 inches, leaving a space 

 of I's inches. That leaves plenty of 

 room for a dummy at one side. With 

 the removal of the dummy, the taking 

 out of the first frame, or indeed of any 

 frame, is an easy matter. If worst 

 comes to worst, so much glue having 

 accumulated as to make it troublesome 

 to get out the dummy, the dummy may 

 be omitted entirely. Yet that has not 

 been found necessary by the writer 

 during all the years since these hives 

 were first introduced, although there 

 are some who prefer to omit the dummy 

 from the start, allowing a liberal space 

 at each side of the hive. So it comes 

 to pass that taking the frames out of an 

 8-frame hive can never become a very 

 difficult matter. 



In a 10-frame hive, the 10 self-spacing 

 frames take IS^^ inches. That leaves a 

 space of Yz inch, or H inch at each 

 side. The frames may be all crowded 

 to one side, and with the >^-inch 

 space left at one side, it seems there 

 ought to be plenty of room to take out 

 the first frame. But that y^ inch is not 

 a constant factor, for glue constantly 

 crowds the frames a little farther 

 apart, making the side-space so small 

 that getting out the first frame becomes 

 a matter so difficult that Mr. Wilder 

 well says he prefers to use 8-frame 

 hives. 



The question arises : Why is room 

 for a dummy allowed in the 8-frame 

 hive and not in the 10-franie ? Like 

 enough the craze for economy of ma- 

 terial suggested in the first place that a 

 10-frame hive might do with no dummy 



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